External Ear
Name the structures that composed the external ear.
External auditory canal (external acoustic meatus)
Which structure amplifies and transmits vibration of eardrum into inner ear?
auditory ossicles
malleus (hammer)
incus (anvil)
stapes (stirrip)
The inner ear contains sensory organs for what?
hearing and equilibrium
What is the dysfunction when hearing loss occurs due to age?
Presbycusis
Which structure of the ear collects sound waves?
auricle (pinna)
The middle ear begins where?
tympanum (eardrum)
Which structure contains receptors for hearing?
Cochlea
Describe hyperacusis
extreme sensitivity to noise
cause by exposure to loud noise, paralysis of attenuating muscle (stapedius)
After the sound waves have been collected where is the sound waves directed to?
external acoustic meatus (external auditory canal)
What connects the middle ear cavity to nasopharynx?
Bonus: gives me another name for this structure as well
auditory tube/ pharyngotympanic tube/eustachian tube
All parts of the membranous labyrinth are fill with what filled?
endolymph
What is the difference between acoustic NIHL and gradual NIHL?
NIHL: Noise Induced Hearing Loss
Acoustic: due to explosions, gunfire
Gradual: repeated exposure to loud sounds over period of time (ex. musical concerts_
After the sound waves have been directed to external acoustic meatus what structure is gets striked to cause a vibration
tympanic membrane or tympanum (eardrum)
How does otitis occur?
Drainage of fluids possibly enter middle ear cavity due to position of auditory tube/ pharyngotympanic/eustachian tube
adults: upright/run oblique downward
children: tube doesn't tilt downward yet
If perilymph is leaking from your patient's ear canal what does this indicate?
basilar skull fracture
What is the dysfunction which you feel like you hear something but there is not actual sound?
Bonus: Explain Difference between pulsatile and subjective tinnitus
Tinnitus
Pulsatile: objective; result from altered blood flow or inc blood turbulence near ear
Subjective: due to excessive exposure to loud noise, or ototoxic meds
What lines thee external acoustic meatus?
Bonus: What does this gland produce?
ceruminous glands
Bonus: cerumen (earwax)
What is otitis?
inflammed/inflammation of middle ear
Name 2 parts of the membranous labyrinth
Cochlea
Vestibular complex (vestibule chamber & 3 semicircular canals)
What disorder affects all three parts of labyrinth and normally affects one ear only?
Bonus: Describe symptoms and treatment given
Meniere's Syndrome
Symptoms: episodes of vertigo (spinning motion), fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and pressure in ear and nausea
Treatment: antimotion drugs, low salt diet, diuretics