Columbian Exchange
A short definition for the Columbian Exchange.
An exchange of resources, people, foods, and diseases between the New and Old Worlds started by Christopher Columbus.
One example of how Native Americans adapted to their environments.
Built mounds on the Mississippi, Southwest built adobe houses in rock, Eastern Woodlands hunted for game, Northwest Coast built totem poles, etc.
Adam and Eve.
This theory refers to humans migrating from Russia to Alaska.
Beringia Theory.
Five items that originated in the Old World.
wheat, apples, cows, pigs, horses, donkeys, smallpox, measles, etc.
The branch of Indians from your handout that would have lived in Georgia.
Eastern Woodlands.
The version of Christianity followed by the Spanish.
Catholicism.
This theory refers to the idea that humans migrated on boats to the Americas by following islands.
Kelp highway/coastal migration theory.
Five items that originated in the New World.
Corn, beans, llamas, potatoes, tomatoes, salmon, syphilis, etc.
Environment.
The Spanish offered this to the Indians if they refused their rule.
Enslaving Indian women and children, making war on them.
This theory refers to the idea that humans migrated to America from Europe by following a string of islands like Greenland and Iceland.
Solutrean hypothesis.
This is a system involving the Spanish forcing Native Americans to work on their estates.
Encomiendas.
When the Spanish conquered parts of the New World, they established a hierarchy based on this.
Race.
One long-lasting effect of the Columbian Exchange on the New World and one for the Old World.
Old: increased food supply led to population increase, gold and silver led to inflation, new money led to Spain becoming stronger.
New: Disease killed off 90% of Indians, conflict between Natives and Europeans, Natives acquired European weapons.
These are the definitions of peninsulare and mestizo.
Peninsulare - White Spaniards.
Mestizo - Those of mixed Indian and Spanish ancestry.