Mandate of Heaven
What belief gave rulers the right to rule in ancient China?
Mandate of Heaven
What is a dynasty?
A line of rulers from the same family
Which philosophy focuses on respect and good behavior?
Confucianism
What did flooding leave behind that helped farming?
Fertile soil
Which invention helped people write more easily?
Printing
Paper
What must rulers do to KEEP the Mandate?
Rule fairly and justly
What happens after a ruler loses the Mandate?
A new ruler or dynasty takes over
Which philosophy says people should live in harmony with nature?
Daoism
Why were rivers important to early China?
They provided water and fertile soil
Which invention helped spread knowledge quickly?
Printing
Paper
What is a sign that a ruler has LOST the Mandate?
Natural disasters or suffering
What usually comes BEFORE rebellion?
Corruption and problems in leadership
Which philosophy supports strict rules and punishments?
Legalism
Which river is called “China’s Cradle”?
Yellow River
Which invention helped sailors navigate?
Compass
What do people have the right to do if the ruler loses the Mandate?
Rebel or overthrow the ruler
Why did Chinese rulers use the Mandate of Heaven?
To justify their power to rule
What does Confucianism say about leaders?
They should lead by moral example
Why were rivers both helpful AND dangerous to early Chinese people?
They provided water and fertile soil, but flooding could destroy crops and homes
Which invention was first used for fireworks?
Gunpowder
The Mandate of Heaven connects a ruler’s power to what?
Heaven’s approval (divine support)
What does the “cycle of dynasties” describe?
The rise, decline, and replacement of rulers
Why did these philosophies develop?
To bring order during times of conflict
What did extra food (surplus) allow people to do?
Specialize in other jobs
Why were paper and printing important for government and society in ancient China?
They helped record laws, spread information, and improve education across the empire