People
Who was the first Christian martyr?
Stephen
Gentile converts must adhere to Jewish law to be saved.
Judaizers
The Holy Spirit gave new revelations to a particular man who has become the true carrier of the Holy Spirit's voice; this man's revelations are sometimes over and above the church's authority.
Montanism
Paraphrase 1 Peter 3:15
But sanctify the Lord God in your hearts, and always be ready to give a defense to everyone who asks you a reason for the hope that is in you, with meekness and fear;
Which canon contains all the books in the Tanakh plus additional books?
Septuagint (LXX)
Which of the 12 apostles was the first to die?
James, the brother of John
That Jesus is God and co-equal and co-eternal with God but not the same as God; because Jesus was said to be the begotten Son of God, he was created by God and therefore came after God.
Arianism
The God of the Old Testament is different from the God of the New Testament, therefore the Old Testament should be rejected.
Marcionism
Paraphrase Jude 1:3
Beloved, while I was very diligent to write to you concerning our common salvation, I found it necessary to write to you exhorting you to contend earnestly for the faith which was once for all delivered to the saints.
Between c. 260-340AD, Eusebius of Caesarea classified the New Testament writings into 3 categories. What were they?
1. Recognized
2. Disputed
3. Spurious (Rejected)
Which of the 12 apostles was the last to die?
John, the brother of James
Ebonism
Which teaching does 1 Timothy 4:3-5 speak against?
Asceticism
Paraphrase 2 Timothy 2:24-25
24 And a servant of the Lord must not quarrel but be gentle to all, able to teach, patient, 25 in humility correcting those who are in opposition, if God perhaps will grant them repentance, so that they may know the truth,
Name the books in the New Testament that were listed as "disputed" books?
Hebrews, James, 2nd Peter, Jude, 3rd John, Revelations
Which emperor legalized Christianity?
Emperor Constantine
Salvation came through secret knowledge and the material world was created by a lesser evil deity, therefore is evil.
Gnosticism
Which teaching does 1 John 4:2-3 speak against?
Docetism
Paraphrase Colossians 4:5-6
5 Walk in wisdom toward those who are outside, redeeming the time. 6 Let your speech always be with grace, seasoned with salt, that you may know how you ought to answer each one.
Which definition of the canon states that "a book is canonical if it was written by God authoritatively for His church"?
Ontological
Which early Christian writer was known for his allegorical interpretation of scripture?
Origen
Believed that Jesus was a mere man who was adopted as God's Son at his baptism.
Adoptionism
Which teaching does Romans 6:1 speak against?
Antinomianism
Paraphrase Titus 1:9
holding fast the faithful word as he has been taught, that he may be able, by sound doctrine, both to exhort and convict those who contradict.
What were the 3 criteria the early church used to determine if a text was authentic and authoritative?
1. Apostolic Origin
2. Orthodox teachings
3. Evidence of divine inspiration