Development of the individual across his or her lifetime.
What is ontogenetic development?
100
Infants' relatively poor perceptual abilities and preschool children's tendencies to overestimate their skills.
What is the adaptive nature of cognitive immaturity?
100
25% of its adult weight
What is the brain size at birth?
100
The approach using the computer as a metaphor for understanding human cognition.
What is information processing?
200
The predominance of accommodation over assimilation.
What is imitation?
200
Evolution of brain areas that are specifically used for particular kinds of learning such as language.
What is Phylogenetic development?
200
Ideas about the world that seem to be hard-wired into the brain.
What are representational constraints?
200
How neurons communicate with each other.
What are chemical and electrical means?
200
Mentally acting on information in order to "know" it.
What is processing?
300
Each child understands reality based on what he or she already knows.
What is cognition as a constructive process?
300
Your professor used a typewriter but you use a PC.
What is sociohistorical development?
300
The way in which the brain is organized at birth, governing the type and manner in which information can be processed.
What are architectural constraints?
300
The overproduction of neurons and synapses.
What is synaptogenesis?
300
Knowledge about one's own thought and factors that influence thinking.
What is metacognition?
400
Processes that charaterize all biological systems and operate throughout the lifespan.
What are functional invariants?
400
Mental functions present at birth (2).
What are perception and memory?
400
The window of opportunity is open during early childhood; afterwards it closes, thus making learning very difficult.
What are chronotopic constraints?
400
The period following synaptogenesis.
What is selective cell death?
400
The capacity to store and transform information being held in the short-term system.
What is working memory?
500
The organism seeks to stabilize his or her cognitive structures.
What is equilibration?
500
The difference between a child's actual level of ability and the level of ability that he or she can achieve when working under the guidance of an instructor.
What is the zone of proximal development?
500
Liz Spelke created a big stir when she first proposed core knowledge?
Who was the first openly recognized nativist?
500
The extent to which different parts of the brain can take over a function intended for another part of the brain.