Start of Cold War
Name the events that could mark the beginning of the Cold War (100 points per event)
Iron Curtain Speech (1946)
Truman Doctrine (1947)
Berlin Airlift (1948)
Formation of NATO (1949)
What new invention defined American culture, beliefs, and consumerism in the 1950s?
Television
What was the result of the Korean War?
Neither side wins, no significant territorial change, still two Koreas, established the DMZ, 1.2 million deaths (36,000 Americans)
Name a way African Americans were treated under segregation
Separate accommodations (schools, water fountains, bathrooms, restaurants), whites/blacks only sections, lynchings, harder to vote, unable to use libraries, lack of jobs.
Name a way the police would treat Civil Rights protestors?
Spray with water, attack with dogs, beat with clubs, mass arrests
How was life in America different from life in Europe and the Soviet Union after WWII?
America: Overall good, golden age, economic growth due to war, population growth
Europe/Soviets: Overall bad, devastated by war, famine, mass casualties
What type of community did Bill Levitt popularize? What did these communities look like?
Suburbs. Neighborhoods located outside of cities made of similar houses all built at once. Affordable for new families
How did America win the space race?
Describe the beliefs of Martin Luther King Jr.
Non-violent protests, sit-ins, boycotts, marches. Expose rest of country to brutality of segregation. Pressure congress to act.
Name an example of a specific protest from the Civil Rights Movement
Montgomery Bus Boycott, Children's March, March on Washington, Selma March
What major victories for Communism occurred in 1949
Communist takeover in China, Soviet Union develops nuclear weapons
How many children were born during the Baby Boom?
4.24 million babies were born per year, total of 76.4 million.
How did the Cuban Missile Crisis end?
JFK (USA) and Kruschev (Soviets) negotiated a deal to withdraw missiles from Cuba and Greece/Turkey
Describe the beliefs of Malcolm X
Voting isn't working, establish separate, better schools for African Americans, use the second amendment for defense, "kill that dog," if police see armed protestors they won't risk attacking them.
What two major pieces of legislation come from the Civil Rights Movement?
Civil Rights Act of 1964, Voting Rights Act of 1965
How did the United States react to the spread of Communism?
Truman Doctrine, containment, intervention in wars (Greece, Korea)
What major issue did American G.I.s face when returning home? What did Congress pass to address this issue?
Unemployment, lack of education, poor living conditions. Passed the G.I. Bill of Rights.
Why did China intervene in the Korean War AND how did their entry change the state of the War?
Worried UN forces would attack the Chinese-Korean Border, warmed the UN not to cross into North Korea. China sent thousands of soldiers to aid North Korea, pushed UN forces back to 38th parallel.
Who were the Freedom Riders, what were they protesting, and how successful were they?
Freedom Riders were organized by SNCC (young adults). They rode busses into the south to protest illegally segregated waiting rooms in bus stations. The first bus was firebombed, protestors were attacked by the KKK. The protest was unsuccessful and the government ignored the segregated waiting rooms.
Who were the Little Rock Nine?
9 African American students who were prevented by white protestors, the Arkansas governor, and the Arkansas National Guard from going to school after integration
Name a the key difference between Capitalism and Communism?
Capitalism: Free market, democracy, competition breeds innovation, class-based system.
Communism: State-run distribution, dictatorship, competition inspires greed, classless system.
What was McCarthyism and how did it impact Americans?
Senator Joseph McCarthy claims Communists have infiltrated America (particularly Hollywood). House of Unamerican Activities investigates millions of Americans. Hollywood actors blacklisted if suspected of being Communists.
Why did America rush to join the Space Race after the launch of Sputnik?
Fears the Soviets were using satellites to spy on America, fears the Soviets could use space to bomb America, showed America was falling behind technologically, Soviet advances were a blow to America's prestige.
How was the Civil Rights Movement successful? How might it not have been?
Several successful protests, movement continued for many years, forced the government to ban segregation, schools had to integrate, voting access expanded for African Americans
However, protestors were attacked, thousands attacked, killed, jailed, racism continued, areas resisted integration (Little Rock, Birmingham), groups like the KKK continued attacks (16th street church bombing), Civil Rights groups fell apart after 1968.
What was the goal of the Freedom Summer?
To expand voter registration for African Americans, resist poll tax, protest unfair literacy tests