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this era of U.S. history was characterized by heightened tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union
Cold War
U.S. policy of preventing the spread of Soviet communist influence throughout the world
Containment
Conflict that began with North Korea's invasion of South Korea; came to involve the United Nations (led by the United States) allied with South Korea; the People's Republic of China allied with North Korea.
Korean War (1951-1953)
reduced the voting age from 21 to 18. This gave the young men being drafted to fight in Vietnam a way to influence policies that affected them
26th Amendment
provided statistics from the Vietnam War, revealed that the federal government had underreported casualty rates
Pentagon Papers
United States feared that this would threaten Democratic governments in various countries, specifically Greece and Turkey.
Communism
this plan provided economic aid to Europe and facilitated economic recovery after World War 2
Marshall Plan
suggested that the fall of French Indochina to communist control would ultimately result in the spread of communism throughout Southeast Asia
*used to justify Vietnam War*
Domino theory
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that students had the right to wear armbands to school to protest the Vietnam War
*Broader interpretation of 1st amendment*
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
What were the effects of prosperity in the U.S. after World War II?
*Baby Boom
*Consumerism
*Growth of suburbs
This physically symbolized Soviet Aggression during the Cold War
Berlin Wall
In response to Soviet aggression, the United States joined several other nations to form this organization. Each pledged loyalty to the other in case of attack.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
This law reorganized U.S. foreign policy and created the Central Intelligence Agency(CIA)
National Security Act of 1947
group of American writers who embraced originality and individuality in the way people thought and acted
Beat Generation
*counterculture*
*modern versus traditional*
Provided federal aid to help veterans adjust to civilian life. Led to increased home ownership
GI Bill
What did Churchill call the imaginary boundary between Democratic Western Europe and Communist controlled Eastern Europe?
Iron Curtain
British and U.S. planes bypassed the blockade and flew humanitarian supplies into Berlin for nearly a year.
Berlin Airlift
this policy advocated for a long-term, patient, and vigilant effort to stop the spread of communism; basis for U.S. involvement in Cuba and Korea in the 1950s, Vietnam in the 1960s, Afghanistan in the 1970s, and Nicaragua in the 1980s
Containment
a form of popular music that evolved in the 1950's from rhythm and blues; characterized by the use of electric guitars ; represented clash between youths and adults
Rock and Roll
*modern versus traditional*
Debate over this resolution led to the creation of the War Powers Act
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
What policy called for economic and military support to Greece and Turkey in their fight against Communism?
Truman Doctrine
U.S. spy planes discovered the Soviet’s placing missiles in Cuba. President John F. Kennedy imposed a “quarantine” or naval blockade to halt further missile installation. President Kennedy warned Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev that an attack launched on the United States from missiles based in Cuba would be considered an attack from the Soviet Union
Cuban Missile Crisis
Due to the need for more troops, this was reinstituted during the Vietnam War. It was opposed by many because primarily poor, uneducated people were used.
draft
placed restrictions on the executive branch’s ability to send American troops into combat
War Powers Act
Overall, what was the effect of scientific and technological innovations on the U.S. economy after World War II?
*Increased consumerism