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Land controlled by another country.
Colony
The first permanent English settlement in North America, founded in Virginia in 1607.
Jamestown
The ship that brought the Pilgrims to North America in 1620.
Mayflower
The colonial region with cold winters, rocky soil, and a short growing season.
New England Colonies
This agreement was created by the Pilgrims before they arrived at Plymouth. It established the idea that colonists would work together, create a government, and follow laws for the good of the colony.
Mayflower Compact
A business in which investors share the costs and profits of starting a colony.
Joint-stock company
The English company that established Jamestown in hopes of making money for its investors.
Virginia Company
An agreement signed by the Pilgrims to establish a government and agree to follow laws.
Mayflower Compact
The colonial region whose economy depended heavily on fishing, shipbuilding, and trade.
New England Colonies
A person who agrees to work for a certain number of years in exchange for passage to America or other benefits.
Indentured servant
The cash crop that John Rolfe helped make profitable in Virginia.
Tobacco
A Native American who helped the Pilgrims learn to grow food and survive.
Squanto
The colonial region with a moderate climate, fertile soil, farming, and a diverse population.
Middle Colonies
The forced journey of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas.
Middle Passage
The winter of 1609–1610 when many Jamestown settlers died from hunger and disease.
Starving Time
The colony founded by Roger Williams that allowed religious freedom.
Rhode Island
The colonial region with warm weather, a long growing season, and large plantations.
Southern Colonies
A large farm that grows crops to sell for money, often relying on enslaved labor.
Plantation
The founder of Georgia, who wanted to help debtors and create a buffer zone against Spanish Florida.
James Oglethorpe
A woman who was banished from Massachusetts Bay for challenging Puritan religious leaders.
Anne Hutchinson
The five colonies known for growing tobacco, rice, and indigo and relying heavily on plantation agriculture.
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia