Foundations
This 1776 document famously declared the 13 colonies' separation from Great Britain.
Declaration of Independence
This term describes the rapid growth of cities as people moved from rural farms to work in factories.
Urbanization
Investigative journalists who exposed corruption and social problems were known by this muddy nickname.
Muckrakers
The U.S. acquired Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines after defeating this European country in 1898.
Spain
To protect soldiers from deadly machine-gun fire, armies dug deep networks of these along the Western Front.
Trenches
Drafted in 1787, this document is the supreme law of the United States.
The Constitution
He amassed a massive fortune in the steel industry and later gave much of his wealth away, writing the Gospel of Wealth.
Andrew Carnegie
Ratified in 1920, the 19th Amendment finally guaranteed this right to women nationwide.
Suffrage (right to vote)
President Teddy Roosevelt pushed for the construction of this massive waterway to connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Panama Canal
In 1917, Congress passed this act, creating a draft to quickly build up the U.S. military.
Selective Service Act
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution are collectively known by this name.
Bill of Rights
These corrupt organizations controlled local governments by exchanging favors for votes
Political Machines
This president, known as a "trust-buster," also championed conservation and expanded the National Park system.
Theodore Roosevelt
The U.S. annexed this Pacific island nation in 1898, largely driven by American sugar planters who overthrew its queen.
Hawaii
This law made it a crime to criticize the war effort
Espionage Act
This constitutional principle guarantees that government powers are separated into a federal (national) government and state governments
Federalism
This 1862 law encouraged westward expansion by giving 160 acres of land to anyone who would live on and farm it for five years.
Homestead Act
The 18th Amendment temporarily banned the sale and manufacture of alcohol, starting this era.
Prohibition
Theodore Roosevelt's policy of using the military to spread America's influence globally
Big Stick policy
This secret message proposed an alliance between Germany and Mexico if the U.S. entered the war.
Zimmerman Telegram
These are the three branches of American government
Executive, Legislative, Judicial
These organizations were formed by workers to demand better working conditions
Labor Unions
These were the kinds of laws designed to break up monopolies and trusts
Antitrust
Sensationalized, exaggerated journalism that helped push the U.S. into the Spanish-American War is known by this colorful name.
President Woodrow Wilson proposed this 14-part plan for world peace at the end of the war, which included a League of Nations.
14 Points