Early Modern Humans
How was the physical development of early human's superior to that of earlier hominids?
Early humans had more skillful hands and larger, rounder skulls.
What challenges did people face as Earth's climate changed after the last Ice Age?
Growing populations, animal extinctions, and droughts. Had to rely heavily on farming.
Near what resources did highly successful farming communities develop?
Water and good soil.
What allowed many early villagers to grow into towns?
Success at farming or trading.
Define the word Adapt
A change or the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment.
How did early humans adapt to the environment?
By living in a variety of shelters, gathering different plants, food, and hunting available animals for food and materials.
Which regions around the world did farming develop independently?
Northern Africa, Southern Asia, Eastern Asia, and South America.
What two advantages did terraces provide for the Yongshao people?
More flat land for farming and protection from floods.
What artifacts have archeologists found in graves at Catal Huyuk?
Sculptures, jewelry, and weapons.
Define the word Livestock
The domesticated animals raised in an agricultural setting in order to provide labor and produce.
Why were hunters and gatherers always on the move?
In what ways did people use surplus food?
For planting, as food, to help others, as gifts to dead ancestors, save for next season, and for trade.
What benefits did the development of the plow bring?
It allowed fewer people to plant larger crops and to use more land for farming.
What social divisions developed among people of early towns?
Division of labor and social classes.
Define the word Agriculture
The science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products.
What was the Ice Age like?
It was hard to find food due to harsh weather and ice. Most animals and plants were killed off by the weather. Majorly decreased resources for surviving.
How did people's lives change after the last Ice Age?
People adapted to the climate. They became better at storing food and making weapons for hunting. Some people also became farmers.
What resources did pastoral people get from their animals?
Milk, hides, and bones for tools
What were some of the responsibilities of government in early civilizations?
Taxation, organization, society, economy, construction, and religion.
Define the word Irrigation
The supply of water to land or crops to help growth, typically by means of channels.
Define the word Civilization
The society, culture, and way of life of a particular area