Early Humans
What do we call people who moved from place to place to find food?
Nomads
What period caused humans to adapt to extremely cold conditions?
The Ice Age
What major change involved growing crops for food?
Farming/agriculture.
What is a large, organized society with cities and government called?
A civilization.
What material did Paleolithic people commonly use to make tools?
Stone
What two things do archaeologists study to learn about ancient people?
Fossils and artifacts
Name one way people adapted to the Ice Age.
They built sturdier shelters, migrated to warmer areas, or ate more fat-rich foods.
What is domestication?
The process of raising and controlling plants or animals for human use.
What were two important jobs of early governments?
Maintaining law and order and protecting people/resources.
Why was controlling fire important to Paleolithic people?
It provided heat, light, protection, and a way to cook food.
How did most Paleolithic people get their food?
Hunting and gathering
Why did some people migrate to warmer areas during the Ice Age?
To find a warmer climate and resources that would help them survive.
What technology helped farmers bring water to their crops?
Irrigation
What could determine a person's social status in an early civilization?
Wealth
What are artifacts?
Objects made or used by people in the past
What can cave paintings tell historians about early humans?
They can show animals, hunting, and other parts of early human life
How did the Ice Age affect where humans lived?
People migrated to new areas, including warmer regions.
How did farming change where people lived?
People began settling in permanent communities.
What is it called when people focus on specific jobs?
Specialization
Name two ways controlling fire improved life.
Cooking food, providing warmth, providing light, or protection from animals.
How can archaeologists learn about people who lived before written records?
By studying artifacts, fossils, cave paintings, and other evidence
Name two ways Paleolithic people adapted to the Ice Age.
Examples: sturdier shelters, migrating to warmer climates, and eating more fat.
How did farming lead to surplus food and specialization?
Extra food meant not everyone had to farm, so people could specialize in other jobs.
How did permanent settlements and food surpluses help civilizations develop?
They allowed populations to grow and people to specialize in different jobs, helping complex societies develop.
How can technology change people's lives?
It can make tasks easier, help people survive, and allow societies to develop new ways of living.