Enlightenment
A bloodless event when the British Parliament invited William & Mary to overthrow King James II
The Glorious Revolution
The bourgeoisie, urban lower class, and peasant farmers made up which of the three estates?
Third Estate
This was a set of unified law created by Napoleon to replace the complex laws that existed before to bring order to the country.
Napoleonic Code
This foreign minister of Austria presided over the Congress of Vienna and wanted to restore Europe to what it was before the French Revolution.
Klemens von Metternich
The social class which expanded the most as a result of the Industrial Revolution was the _________.
Middle Class
The idea that people should judge idea, institutions, and actions based on usefulness (utility)
Utilitarianism
Along with the monarchy, was one of the major institutions challenged by the Enlightenment
The Church
This was a means of execution that released a sharp, weighted blade in order to severe the victim's head from their body.
Guillotine
This was where the British and Prussian army led by the Duke of Wellington successfully defended themselves against Napoleon’s attack.
At this event, European leaders tried to restore order and reestablish peace and stability on the continent by restoring monarchs to their thrones.
Congress of Vienna
The beginning of the Industrial Revolution occurred after the start of the Agricultural Revolution in the nation of __________.
England
The idea based on private ownership and on the investment of money in business ventures in order to make a profit.
Capitalism
Was passed after the restoration of the British monarchy as a means to increase parliaments power.
English Bill of Rights
This 'athletic' pledge was made by the delegates of the Third Estate to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution
Tennis Court Oath
The Russians, knowing they were outnumbered, used this practice of burning their own grains fields and slaughtering their livestock so as to leave nothing for Napoleon and his army to eat when they invaded.
Scorched Earth Policy
European leaders sought to establish a ______ in which no single country would be able to dominate others.
Balance of Power
A developing idea which focused on the creation of a Nation-State, built around concepts of history, language, religion, and territory.
Nationalism
The idea that all the means of production are owned by the people and private property does not exist, all goods and services are shared equally.
Communism
A meeting of people to discuss enlightenment ideas, sometimes with the writers themselves
Salon
What was the period called when Robespierre ruled France nearly as dictator?
Reign of Terror
In an attempt to fund his wars in Europe, Napoleon sold territory in the Americas to the United States, otherwise known as the ________________.
Louisiana Purchase
This person accepted the French throne with a constitution that limited his powers and promised equality.
Louis XVIII (18th)
Otto von Bismarck is considered a master of realpolitik, or politics of reality. He used state craft through military force, industrialization, and actions building an empire he said was made of, "_______ & _______."
Blood & Iron
Is an idea that is skeptical of authority and rejects all involuntary, coercive forms of hierarchy; therefore it calls for the abolition of the state which it holds to be undesirable, unnecessary and harmful
Anarchism
Described life as a “war… of every man against every man”
Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan (1651)
This is a deposed king whose poor decision-making lead to the revolt of the French people.
Louis XVI (16th)
This is the one major battle that the French lost to the British Commander, Horatio Nelson. This forced Napoleon to give up plans of invading England and ensured the supremacy of the British Navy for the next 100 years.
Battle of Trafalgar
This was a series of alliances devised by Metternich to establish collective security and stability between the European countries and to ensure that nations would help one another if any revolutions broke out.
Concert of Europe
The group that began rebellions in Spanish Colonies called _____, and were of mixed Spanish & American ancestry.
Creoles
The idea that the factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all.
Socialism