Geography
Mesopotamia
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Indus Valley
Ancient China
100
What is A?
Nile River
100
Who created the world's first empire and what was that empire called?
Sargon created the Akkadian empire. He tried to bring the different city-states under his rule through a military dictatorship.
100
What was the ka?
Egyptians believed that their king ruled even after his death. He had an eternal life force, or ka, which continued to take part in the governing of Egypt. In the Egyptians' mind, the ka remained much like a living king in its needs and pleasures. Since kings expected to reign forever, their tombs were even more important than their palaces.
100
What do the blue and red arrows represent?
the Monsoon Winds
Blue: Winter Monsoons
Red: Summer Monsoon
100
Shang priests had scratched questions on _________________ for the gods. After carving a question, a priest applied a hot poker to it, which caused it to crack. The priests then interpreted the cracks to see how the gods had answered.
Oracle Bones
200
What is B and C?
B is Euphrates River and C is Tigris River
200
Who ruled the Babylonian Empire at its height (around 2000 BC) and how did he rule?
Hammurabi recognized that a single, uniform code of laws would help to unify the diverse groups within his empire. He collected existing rules, judgments, and laws into the Code of Hammurabi. Hammurabi had the code engraved in stone, and copies were placed all over his empire.
200
Identify the different levels in their social hierarchy.
1. Pharoah,
2. Vizier,
3. Nobles, Priests
4. Scribes, Soldiers
5. Craftsmen,
6. Farmers, Slaves
200
What is the estimated population range of Harappan civilization?
The population was estimated to be 23,500–35,000 in Harappa and 35,000–41,250 in Mohenjo-daro.
(Researcher on documentary claimed 200,000 at its height).
200
To justify their conquest, the Zhou leaders declared that the final Shang king had been such a poor ruler that the gods had taken away the Shang's rule and given it to the Zhou. This belief became known as the _____________________________
Mandate of Heaven
300
What is F?
F is the Indus River.
300
Identify the different levels in the Sumerian social hierarchy.
Kings, landholders and some priests made up the highest level in Sumerian society. Wealthy merchants ranked next. The vast majority of ordinary Sumerian people worked with their hands in fields and workshops. At the lowest level of Sumerian society were the slaves. Some slaves were foreigners who had been captured in war. Others were Sumerians who had been sold into slavery as children to pay the debts of their poor parents. Debt slaves could hope to eventually buy their freedom.
300
What evidence can you give that the Egyptians believed in an afterlife?
The Egyptians embalmed bodies before mummifying them, built pyramids and other tombs, filled the tombs with items the dead would need in the next life, tomb paintings showing the Nile river and crops growing in the afterlife, the organs of the Pharoahs protected in canopic jars, paintings of the heart being weighed against a feather to judge whether the Pharoah was good or not, the death mask created for the ka to return to the body (its home).
300
Identify a few ways the people of the Indus Valley Civilization made use their natural environment.
Monsoon winds helped bring about rain that allowed them to grow crops. Additionally they pass through the Indus River, Arabian Sea and the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers to trade with Mesopotamians. The world's tallest mountains to the north and a large desert to the east helped protect the Indus Valley from invasion.
300
What was the feudal social hierarchy of the Zhou empire?
King,
Lords/Warriors,
Peasants
400
What is G?
G is the Yellow River
400
How did the Sumerians make use of their natural environment?
The Tigris and Euphrates flooded Mesopotamia at least once a year leaving behind silt. The people dug canals bringing water from the rivers directly to their fields harvested surpluses of wheat and barley. They also used the rivers to trade with neighboring peoples from the Indus Valley. They also built city walls with mud bricks.
400
How did the Ancient Egyptians make use of their natural environment?
All of their important settlements were along the Nile River because the Nile flooded their fields which gave them rich soil called silt. They could then grow crops like wheat and barley. They dug out canals that allowed the Nile river to directly flow to their farms. Additionally, the Nile flowed from south to north while the the wind blew from north to south thereby allowing the people to travel in both directions.
400
Identify a few of their innovations or tools and explain how they helped to improve life for their society.
They had sophisticated city planning where each city featured a fortified area called a citadel. Buildings were constructed of oven-baked bricks. They made use of plumbing and sewage systems (which would rival modern systems built later on in the 19th century). They had 30 ft wide streets and walls dividing residential districts. Every house had a bath, a toilet and some homes were three stories high.
400
Identify a few innovations or tools developed under the Zhou empire.
Under the the Zhou dynasty roads and canals were built to stimulate trade and agriculture, coined money was introduced, which further improved trade, blast furnaces that produced cast iron were developed (cast iron production would not be matched in Europe until the Middle Ages), iron weapons such as dagger-axes, swords, iron sickles, spades, plows, knives.
500
What is the area shaded in green called?
The Fertile Crescent
500
identify a few of Sumerian innovations or tools.
Arithmetic and geometry (they had a number system with a base of 60.
Architectural innovations (including arches, columns, ramps),
Cuneiform (written records contain writing of astronomy, chemistry and medicine)
Sundials.
500
Identify a few of Ancient Egyptian innovations or tools.
They innovated methods of preserving the bodies of the deceased (ie. embalming), they had a number system with a base of 10 and they devised methods for mathematics which helped them to take and calculate measurements for their pyramids. They developed a calendar to keep track of time between floods and plan their planting seasons. They had an understanding of the human body that allowed them to find cures for diseases, as well as to check someone's pulse. They invented papyrus so they could write.
500
How did the Indus Valley Civilization fall?
As the monsoons continued their eastward drift, the annual floods became weaker and less regular and the Harappan agriculture could no longer support the large cities. Beginning around 3,900 years ago, communities of farmers followed the monsoons to the East, forming small villages along the river that relied on the local rains. Those rains did not support a large agricultural surplus. The cities died out, the writing was lost, trade halted and the Harappan civilization was no more.
500
How did the Zhou dynasty fall?
Zhou dynasty ends when nomads from the north took over the Zhou capital and killed the king. After the Zhou family establishes a new capital at Luoyang, the lords will eventually fight each other for more land and that brings about the civil war known as the Warring States Period.