Geography of Western Europe
What mountain range forms a natural barrier between central and southern Europe at the northern border of Italy?
The Alps
List two services provided by monks in monasteries.
1. Care for the elderly and sick
2. Schools and religious teaching
3. Preservation of Greek and Roman ideas
How did Charlemagne convince most people to convert to Christianity?
By force
Who was crowned emperor on Christmas Day in A.D. 800?
Charlemagne
What body of water connects three continents: Europe, Asia, and Africa?
The Mediterranean Sea
What are handwritten books called that are decorated with bright colors and precious metals?
Illuminated Manuscripts
In Medieval Western Europe, who was considered to have the highest authority over the people?
The Pope
Charlemagne created the ______________, which united much of Western Europe.
Holy Roman Empire
The English Channel
What are sacred rituals like communion, weddings, or baptisms called in the Catholic church?
Sacraments
List two ways that monasteries contributed to the early spread of Christianity.
1. Providing religious instruction to local communities
2. Translating and preserving classical knowledge
What religion did Charlemagne make the primary religion of the Holy Roman Empire?
Christianity
What natural phenomenon best explains the temperature difference between North America and Europe at the same 50 degree North latitude line?
Europe is warmer because of the impact of the North Atlantic Drift
What is the name of men who left the secular world and vowed their life to prayer and servitude?
Monks
Which of the following explains Charlemagne's role in spreading Christianity throughout Europe?
a. He created the position of Pope as the church leader
b. He convinced some and forced many to become Christian
c. Nuns traveled across Europe exhibiting Greek and Roman artistic works
B. He convinced some and forced many to become Christian
What did Charlemagne promote to encourage scholarship and culture in Western Europe?
Education
What is the largest flat region of Europe, extending from France to Russia, called?
The North European Plain
What is the name of the community where monks spent their days studying and praying?
Monasteries
What was the role of Catholic missionaries in spreading Christianity beyond the Alps?
They educated people and spread Catholicism throughout Europe
What system did Charlemagne establish to enforce loyalty in his empire?
Feudalism