Layers
The layers of the Earth from inside to the outside are...
Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
A Divergent Plate Boundary is when...
New crust is created, magma pushes to the crust and the plates move in opposite directions.
____________ is the name of the super continent that once existed.
Pangea
Convection is
when heat rises and cold sinks
What direction are the Hawaiian islands moving?
West
The Inner Core is made of...
solid iron and nickel
A convergent Boundary is when...
The denser crust dives under the less dense crust.
________________ is the scientist who first proposed the idea of continental drift
Alfred Wegner
Conduction is
The movement of heat from one molecule to another
What is under the Hawaiian islands that allows them to continue to be volcanically active?
A hotspot
The Outer Core is made of...
Liquid Iron and Nickel
A Transform Fault Boundary is when
Two plates slide past one another.
When two continents collide with one another, they form
Mountains and Volcanoes
Radiation is when
Energy is transmitted as rays, waves or particles
How are earthquakes and volcanoes on the Hawaiian islands connected?
The mantle is made of...
Iron, Calcium, Oxygen, Aluminum, Magnesium
Continental Divergence forms a...
Continental Drift is the idea that
An example of convection, conduction and radiation are...
Conduction: aluminum heating up from a fire, frying pan heating up, iron, fire poker heating up etc...
Radiation: the sun, a microwave etc...
How do new islands in the Hawaiian archipelago form?
Underwater volcanoes erupt, and the lava that comes out rises and hardens, helping form new islands over time.
The thickness of the crust can be anywhere between...
4 and 40 miles thick
Which crust is denser, oceanic or continental? How do you know this?
Oceanic, it dives under the continental forming trenches, mountains, and volcanoes.
The evidence for continental drift is that there are...
matching shapes, matching glacial evidence, fossils found on different continents, same rock structures, fossils of plants in Antarctica, and magnetic layers in the seafloor
How do plate tectonics and heat transfer relate?
As the Earth's mantle is heated by the core, it creates convection cells that move all the molten rock up toward the crust. That molten rock either becomes new rock at the crust or is circulated under the crust, helping move the tectonic plates.
Which Hawaiian island is the youngest? How do you know this?
Hawaii, it is the island furthest east out of the Hawaiian island chain. All others formed before it from the volcanic eruptions that happened on the ocean floor.