Vocab 1
a region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation.
Black holes
_______ is the process responsible for the Sun's energy production through the fusion of hydrogen atoms.
Hydrogen fusion
Explain What a Hertzsprung-Russell H-R Diagram is.
a graph that separates the effects of temperature and surface area on stellar luminosities.
A fundamental force of nature
Gravity
The most central and massive object in our solar system
The Sun
Galaxies are.....
A system of billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by gravitational attraction.
A massive explosion that occurs when a star reaches the end of its life.
Supernovas
Why is an H-R diagram so important?
It helps scientists understand how stars change over time. It shows the relationship between a star's brightness,temperature, and stage in its life cycle.
Who is responsible for discovering gravity ?
Sir Issac Newton
What are all the inner planets?
Mercury,Venus,Earth,Mars
A ______ is the precursor of a fully formed star.
Prostar
A______forms when the remnants of a supernova collapse under immense pressure.
Neutron Star
The main sequence star is the region of the diagram and runs from....
upper left to lower right
List variables that affects gravity's strength
Mass:more mass of an object means a stronger gravitational pull
Distance: distance between objects weakens gravity with increased distance.
Plants orbit in which direction around the sun?
counterclockwise
The Milky Way is an example of a _______ containing billions of stars.
Galaxy
A classification system for stars based on their temperature and light.
Spectral Class
What does the symbol Θ on the diagram refers to?
The Sun
Explain gravity's effect on Earth and Space.
Gravity on Earth keeps everything anchored to the ground, while in space,it governs the movement of planets, stars, and galaxies,holding them in orbit.
List All three of Kepler's Laws that describes how planets move around the sun
1. Planets orbit in ellipses with the Sun at one focus
2. Planets sweep out equal areas in equal times
3. The square of the orbital period is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis
How does a supernova contribute to the creation of stars?
As a massive star collapses,it produces a shock wave that can induce fusion in the star's outer shell
Explain the difference between a white dwarf and a neutron star.
A white dwarf is an electron degenerate object, while a neutron star is a neutron degenerate object.
What can a H-R diagram reveal about stars?
Distance,Age,Size,Mass,Density, and Surface temperature
Why is it important for scientists to accurately calculate and predict planetary orbits?
Accurately calculating and predicting planetary orbits helps scientists understand space dynamics,plan space missions, and avoid potential collisions.
How might studying certain regions in space help us understand the solar system's history?
Studying certain regions in space can reveal clues about the formation and evolution of the solar system, such as examining asteroid belts or distant comets that contain old unchanged material.