Continental Drift & Early Evidence
Seafloor Spreading, Ridging & Rifting
Earth’s Interior & Plate Mechanics
Volcanoes & Tsunamis
Earthquakes
100
Who proposed continental drift?
Alfred Wegener
100
Who mapped the ocean floor using sonar?
Harry Hess
100
Which layer is rigid and broken into plates?
Lithosphere
100
What boundary forms deep ocean trenches?
Convergent
100
Point directly above an earthquake focus?
Focus
200
What was the supercontinent called? What two continents were formed millions of years later?
Pangaea
Gondwana and Laurasia
200
What underwater feature marks the site of new crust formation?
Ocean ridge
200
What layer allows plates to glide?
Asthenosphere
200
What crust type always subducts?
Oceanic
200
What scale measures earthquake magnitude?
Richter scale
300
What mineral records magnetic polarity?
Magnetite
300
What symmetrical pattern forms beside ocean ridges?
Magnetic stripes/ stripping
300
What causes hot mantle material to rise?
Heat from the Earth's core
300
What feature forms when two continental plates collide?
Creates mountain ranges
300
What is indicated by the letter B?
Lag time
400
What matched outlines supported continental drift?
Continents coast lines
400
On a topographical map, the mid-Atlantic ridge is indicated by what colour? Blue, green or red?
Green
400
What mechanism ultimately moves tectonic plates?
Convection currents
400
What is the name given to the volcanic ash and rock that comes out of a volcano during an eruption?
Pyroclastic flow
400
Which part of the seismogram pictured above can travel through liquids and solids?
A
500
What geological process begins when the crust stretches and cracks apart?
Rifting
500
What term describes the uplifted volcanic region at spreading centres?
Ridging
500
How many major continental plates are there?
7
500
Where do most volcanoes occur, and around which tectonic plate
Ring of fire - Pacific plate
500
Where was the largest ever recorded earthquake in history and what was its magnitude?
Chile - 9.5