a shape like a ball, with all points on the surface at an equal distance from the center
sphere
List the four main spheres of Earth
geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, atmosphere
Define gravity
the force that every object exerts on all other objects because of their masses (or other acceptable definitions)
Define density
the amount of mass in a material per unit volume (or other acceptable definition)
Name Earth's four layers
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
the magnetic field that interacts with the Sun’s dangerous cosmic rays
magnetosphere
The cryosphere is......
all frozen water on Earth
Gravity depends on what two factors?
Mass and distance
Mercury has a density of 13.5 g/mL. If you pour mercury and water together into a beaker, which one would sink to the bottom?
The inner core is made of....
Iron and nickel
Earth's entire solid body
geosphere
Name one way that humans impact the biosphere
Varies
Jack and Jill are 100 meters apart. Then, Jill walks further away from Jack such that they are now 200 meters apart. What happened to the gravitational force between Jack and Jill?
Decreased/weakened/got lower
An object weighs 300 grams. Its dimensions are 5 cm x 5 cm x 1 cm. What is the object's density?
12 g/mL
Which layer of Earth is entirely liquid?
outer core
topographic features formed by the processes that shape Earth’s surface
landforms
Water in the clouds condenses to form rain that falls into rivers and oceans. What two spheres are interacting here?
Atmosphere, hydrosphere
Joe is grocery shopping. At the start of the trip, his cart is empty. Then, he adds 5 items to his cart. What happened to the gravitational force between Joe and the cart?
Increased/strengthened
The following six liquids are poured into a graduated cylinder. Draw how the liquids will settle in layers.
Water 1 g/mL, maple syrup 1.37 g/mL, olive oil 0.91 g/mL, dish soap 1.03 g/mL, vegetable oil 0.93 g/mL, wine 0.99 g/mL
The mantle is made of out of....
semi-solid silicate
the plastic layer within the mantle (the part of the Earth that is so hot that it begins to flow very slowly like hot fudge)
asthenosphere
Outer core
Which planet exerts greater gravitational force on objects: Earth or Jupiter?
Jupiter
What is the density of this piece of gold? (You'll need a calculator).

19.2 g/mL
Within the mantle, this phenomenon drives the movement of tectonic plates
Convection currents