Orbits
An orbit with a high eccentricity value will be (more or less) elliptical.
more
The gasses in the sun are...
hydrogen and helium
The Doppler Effect changes the perceived frequency of waves produced by a moving source. For sound, this changes _______. For light, this changes _______.
pitch, color
True or false: You are guaranteed to find life in the habitable zone.
If false, correct the statement.
false
The habitable zone is the region around a star where liquid water could exist.
What is an exoplanet?
an exoplanet is a planet in a different solar system or galaxy
Eccentricity values are always between ___ and ____.
0 and 1
Which of the following indicates that a star is in its main sequence stage?
A) gravity = fusion
B) gravity > fusion
C) gravity < fusion
A) gravity = fusion
Blueshift happens when...
a light source is moving closer to the observer (galaxies moving closer to Earth)
True or false: A planet that has a high eccentricity orbit is more likely to be habitable than a planet with a low eccentricity orbit.
False
_____ Law says that planets that are orbiting further from their star take more time to go around it
Kepler's 3rd
The eccentricity values for several orbits are listed below. Which is the most elliptical?
A) 0.71
B) 0.071
C) 0.32
D) 0.093
A) 0.71
Stars spend the majority of their lifespan in...
main sequence
Redshift happens when...
a light source is moving further from the observer (galaxies are moving further from Earth)
Main sequence stars are more likely to sustain habitable planets because...
main sequence means that a star is stable and likely won't explode soon
______ Law says that all planets travel in an elliptical path around their star.
Kepler's 1st
The position of an orbit closest to the sun is called_______.
The position of an orbit furthest from the sun is called_______.
perihelion, aphelion
Nuclear fusion is when the atoms of two _______ elements fuse to make a ______ element.
lighter, heavier
Redshift is caused by a percieved shift of light to a _______ frequency and ________ wavelength.
lower, longer
Kepler-432 is an exostar with a temperature of 2,995, a luminosity of 15.206, and forces Fusion > Gravity. Is it likely that it could sustain a habitable planet? Why or why not?
- not main sequence
- high luminosity -> likely high mass, low lifespan
- low temperature
Kepler's 2nd Law says that...
planets move faster when they are closer to their star
How do you calculate eccentricity?
distance between foci/length of the major axis
Which star likely has the highest luminosity value? How do you know? Why is mass related to luminosity?
Star 1: mass = mass of our sun
Star 2: mass = 0.5x the mass of our sun
Star 3: mass = 2x the mass our sun
Star 4: mass = 15x the mass of our sun
Star 4: higher mass -> more nuclear fusion occurring
Is the universe expanding? Provide 2 pieces of evidence.
Yes.
- balloon model
- spectral data
- galaxies further from Earth moving away faster than galaxies close to Earth
In one solar system, the habitable zone stretches from 1.17 AU to 3.29 AU. The following are four planets and their average distance from this star. Which planets could possibly stay in the habitable zone?
Planet 1: 1.19 AU
Planet 2: 2.71 AU
Planet 3: 3.41 AU
Planet 4: 3.10 AU
Planet 1, Planet 2, Planet 3
The measured angular diameter of the sun is ________ when Earth is at the perihelion position compared to when Earth is at the Aphelion position.
greater