This is the very hot, solid, metal center of the Earth where the temperature reaches about 9,000 degrees F.
What is the inner core?
100
What is the name of the "supercontinent" that existed 250 million years ago?
What is Pangaea?
100
This is when two plates collide head-on.
What is a convergent boundary?
100
This is the device used to measure the strength of earthquakes.
What is a seismograph?
100
This is where the hot molten, rocky liquid is held beneath a volcano before it rises up.
What is a magma chamber?
200
This is the thickest layer of the Earth that is part solid rock and part hot/molten, liquid, rock where convection currents occur.
What is the mantle?
200
This theory started by Alfred Wegener in 1910 states that the continents were once connected but drifted apart to there present position because of forces inside the Earth.
What is the Continental Drift Theory?
200
This is when two plates move apart.
What is a divergent boundary?
200
This scale (rating system) is used to determine the actual strength (energy) of an earthquake.
What is the Richter scale?
200
When magma reaches the surface it is called _______.
What is lava?
300
This part of the Earth is made up of the crust and a little bit of the mantle where the Earth's tectonic plates are located.
What is the lithosphere?
300
Most geologists think that the Earth's plates in the lithosphere move because of this. (hint:think of a lava lamp)
What are convection currents?
300
This is when two plates rub and slip past each other in opposite directions.
What is a transform boundary?
300
This is the area inside the Earth where the strong energy from the earthquake is released. It's where the earthquake starts.
What is the focus?
300
Name one way that volcanoes affect the Earth. (doesn't have to be in question form)
-damage to buildings and other structures
-death to all living things
-ash, cinders and gasses block the sun
-dams (blocks) rivers causing flooding and drought
-temperatures on Earth drop
-Other answers may be accepted.
400
The plates move on this layer of hot, gooey, liquid rock that is located in the upper mantle.
What is the Asthenosphere?
400
What is formed when the sea floor spreads?
What is new crust? (mid-ocean ridge)
400
This is what happens at transform boundaries.
What is an earthquake?
400
This is the place on the Earth's surface where the earthquake is felt the most (strongest) and where the most damage occurs.
What is the epicenter? (on the surface right above the focus)
400
This is the name of an area around the perimeter of the Pacific Ocean where there is a lot of volcanic and seismic activity.
What is the "Ring of Fire?"
500
These are the two types of crust.
What are oceanic and continental crusts? (Oceanic is mostly basalt and continental is mostly granite.)
500
This is the process when oceanic crust slides under another piece of crust deep into ocean trenches and deep into the mantle.
What is subduction?
500
This is what forms at divergent boundaries.
What is a ddep valley called a rift valley?
500
These seismic waves are felt at the Earth's surface first and move by compressing and expanding like an inchworm.
What are primary waves?
500
These are very explosive, tall, cone-shaped volcanoes that are made of ash, cinders and lava.