Earth Layers
Plate Tectonics
Plate Boundries
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
100
extremely hot (about 9,000 degrees F), solid metal layer of the Earth
What is the inner core?
100
The name for when all the continents were stuck together.
What is Pangea?
100
This is where two plates move apart.
What is a divergent boundry?
100
This tool is used to measure the strength of an earthquake and uses the Richter scale.
What is a seismograph?
100
The is a hot spot in the ground beneath the volcano where hot magma is held, bubbles up and begins to rise.
What is a magma chamber?
200
This is when hot material rises up and then falls causing the plates on top to shift.
What is convection?
200
What is the term for how the continents moved apart?
What is continental drift?
200
This is where two plates collide or come together. Eventually one subducts (slides under the other)
What is a convergent boundry?
200
This is the central point on the Earth's surface where the most damage occurs during an earthquake.
What is the epicenter?
200
This area on Earth is a circle around the perimeter of the Pacific Ocean where there are at least 6oo active volcanoes.
What is the "Ring of Fire?"
300
What are the two types of crust?
What is the continental crust and the oceanic crust?
300
He's the geologist who developed the theory of sea floor spreading.
Who was Harry Hess?
300
This is when two plates rub and slide past each other. Sometimes an earthquake occurs.
What is a transform boundry?
300
This is the point inside the earth where energy is released and the earthquake begins.
What is the focus?
300
These are the two types of volcanic eruptions.
What are explosive and non-explosive volcanoes?
400
This is the soft, hot, liquid part of the mantle that the plates float on and shift.
What is the asthenosphere?
400
This forms when magma rises at the mid-ocean ridges.
What is crust?
400
These are breaks or cracks in the Earth's crust that form along boundries where rocks have slipped past each other.
What are faults?
400
These seismic waves cause the most damage, travel slower, (about 4.5 km/sec) move up/down and side to side like a worm, and travel only through solids.
What are secondary waves?
400
These are the tallest volcanoes (like Mt. Vesuvius) that are a combination of the other two type and are made of lava, ash, and cinder.
What are Composite volcanoes or Stratovolcanoes?
500
This is the crust and upper part of the mantle that makes up the tectonic plates.
What is the lithosphere?
500
This happens when two plates collide and one slips under the other into the mantle.
What is subduction?
500
This is a deep area that forms along a divergent boundry.
What is a rift valley?
500
This scale is used to rank how much damage was caused by an earthquake.
What is the Mercali scale?
500
State 4 ways that volcanoes affect the earth. (Your answer doesn't need to be in question form.)
Some examples: knock down buildings, dam (block) rivers causing floods and drought, causes death among all living things (humans, animals, plants) ash and gases blocks sunlight, temperatures on Earth drop dramatically (a lot)
M
e
n
u