Earth's Features
Destructive Forces
Constructive Forces
Earth's Structure
Volcanoes & Earthquakes
100
Earth's surface constantly changes due to both __________ and ___________ processes.
Constructive and Destructive
100
True or False? Volcanic activity and Deposition are examples of destructive forces.
False! Volcanic activity and Deposition are examples of constructive forces.
100
Deposition, volcanic activity, and the act of mountains forming are examples of what Earth process?
Constructive forces! They build up Earth's surface features.
100
The Earth is made up of how many sections?
4.
100
A _______ is a violent shaking of the Earth's crust as built-up energy is released, while __________ are openings in Earth's surface through which melted rock, hot gases, rock fragments, and ash erupts.
Earthquakes and Volcanoes.
200
What is Earth's rocky outer layer that makes up the continents and the ocean floor?
Crust
200
Which destructive force BREAKS DOWN rocks into smaller pieces?
Weathering. REMEMBER, weathering occurs first! Pieces of rock can not travel if they have not been weathered away yet.
200
After erosion, which constructive force drops or releases sediment that has been moved from one place to another place?
Deposition! A constructive force in which sediments that have been moved from one place are dropped or released from another place.
200
What is correct order of Earth's four sections from the center of the Earth to the surface? a) Crust, Outer Core, Inner Core, Mantle b) Outer Core, Inner Core, Mantle, Crust c) Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust d) Inner Core, Mantle, Outer Core, Crust
C. Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, then Crust!
200
The _________ is the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake and is where the earthquake is the most intense.
Epicenter.
300
What indicates areas of the same elevation or height above sea level on a topographical map?
Contour Line
300
Which destructive force MOVES pieces of weathered rock, or sediment, by water, wind, or moving ice?
Erosion! The 2nd step in the process. #1 WEATHERING #2 EROSION. The sediment is moved by erosion!
300
The process of ___________ forms such features as alluvial fans, deltas, sand dunes, and beaches.
Deposition.
300
What is the only liquid layer of Earth's four sections?
The Outer Core! It is formed mostly of melted metal.
300
Below Earth's surface, melted rock is called ___________. However, once it reaches the surface, it is called ________.
Magma, then Lava!
400
What is the idea that giant plates of rock are moving slowly across Earth's surface?
Plate Tectonics.
400
The process of __________ creates valleys, caves, canyons, sinkholes, and landslides.
Erosion!
400
What is the correct order of Earth's processes? a) Erosion, Weathering, Deposition b) Deposition, Weathering, Erosion c) Weathering, Erosion, Deposition
C. Weathering, Erosion, Deposition. Rocks get "weathered" and turned into sediment. Sediment is moved by erosion. Sediment is "deposited" in another place by deposition.
400
What two sections of Earth make up the lithosphere?
The solid upper mantle and crust are together called the lithosphere.
400
Seismic waves are sent through Earth's crust when plates move suddenly. The waves start at a crack in Earth's crust called the __________.
Fault! The fault is a crack in Earth's crust along which movement takes place.
500
What type of map shows the shape of surface features and their elevations, or heights above sea level?
Topographical Map.
500
__________ moving down a valley gouge out the valley floor from a V to a U-shape, and grind rocks together breaking them down into smaller pieces.
Glaciers.
500
What are the two ways mountains can be formed?
#1 Volcanic Eruptions. Erupting volcanoes deposit magma that becomes lava and hardens when it reaches the Earth's outer surface. #2 Tectonic plates colliding.
500
What part of Earth is about five times thicker under the continents than under the oceans?
The crust which is the thin outermost layer of solid rock.
500
The ______________ is a region around the edge of the ___________ Ocean that has a large number of ___________ and ___________.
Ring of Fire, Pacific, Volcanoes, and Earthquakes.
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