Vocab I
What is a structure formed around a hole in Earth's crust that releases magma?
Volcano
What are drifting slabs of solid rock, called plates, that make up Earth's surface?
Tectonic plates
What are the processes that form, break down, and re-form rock from one category to another?
Rock cycle
Draw a diagram of convection currents (Hint: the magma currents below Earth's crust)
Answers will vary.
What is the breakdown of rock into smaller pieces from exposure to wind, water, changes in temperature, and/or biological forces?
Weathering
What is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a crystal structure?
Mineral
What category of rock is formed from layers of sand, soil, clay, gravel, and other sediment that built up in one location over time?
Sedimentary rock
What effect do wind and water have on rocks?
Weathering and erosion
What is mixed mineral matter that makes up the surface of Earth and other terrestrial objects?
Rocks
What has two types (mechanical and chemical)?
Weathering
What is the transport of sediment by wind, water, or gravity?
Erosion
Where do volcanoes form?
Tectonic plate boundaries
What is a kind of weathering that occurs when chemical reactions change the composition of rocks?
Chemical weathering
What is a kind of weathering that occurs when rocks are broken down by physical force without any change in their chemical structure?
What category of rock forms in chemical reactions where one type of rock is changed by pressure or heat into a new type of rock with different properties?
Metamorphic rock
What is the difference between chemical weathering and mechanical weathering?
Answers will vary.
What is a set of connected, interacting parts that form a more complex whole?
System
Abrasion
What category of rock is formed when hot liquid rock (lava or magma) cools into a solid?
Igneous rock
Where do a mineral's properties come from?
The atomic structure (how the atoms make up the substance)
Why is the Hope Diamond blue?
There are boron atoms mixed in with the carbon atoms.