This is the area where tectonic plates are spreading apart.
What is a divergent plate boundary?
100
This is the Earth's thickest layer, which makes up about 70 percent of the Earth's volume.
What is the mantle?
100
These are a result of tectonic movement that possess a focus and an epicentre to indicate where the energy will be released on the Earth.
What are earthquakes?
100
This is one of the driving forces behind plate movement. It is the process in which convection currents travel from the mantle to the crust and then sink again.
What is mantle convection?
100
This theory states that the continents have not always been in their present locations but have "drifted" there over millions of years.
What is the continental drift theory?
200
This is the area where tectonic plates collide.
What is a convergent plate boundary?
200
This is the layer below the mantle that is a liquid mixture of iron and nickel.
What is the outer core?
200
These are normally found near subduction zones. They have a cone shape and result from repeated eruptions of ash and leave that build up layers. (two words)
What are composite volcanoes?
200
These areas typical experience large earthquakes and volcanic eruptions due to their location along plate edges.
What are subduction zones?
200
Matches of these have been found on different continents with opposing coasts, suggesting that these two areas might have once been connected.
What are fossils?
300
This is a type of plate convergence where an ocean plate slides beneath the continental plate.
What is oceanic-continental plate convergence?
300
This is the layer at the centre of the Earth with temperatures ranging from 5000-6000 degrees Celsius.
What is the inner core?
300
These are the largest volcanoes on Earth and form over hot spots.
What are shield volcanoes?
300
This process is when new material at a ridge or rift pushes older material aside causing the tectonic plates to move away from the ridge.
What is a ridge push?
300
This refers to the extent of ancient glaciers and to the rock markings they have left behind.
What is paleoglaciation?
400
This type of plate convergence describes the collision of two oceanic plates. The more dense plate with slide deep into the mantle, often causing volcanic island arcs.
What is oceanic-oceanic plate convergence?
400
This is the outermost layer of the Earth. It has an oceanic and a continental component.
What is the crust?
400
These occur when magma erupts through long cracks in the lithosphere.
What are rift eruptions?
400
This is the action of one plate pushing below another.
What is subduction?
400
The discovery of this by British oceanographers in 1872 indicated that there may be a common cause for ocean mountain ranges, earthquakes, volcanoes, and continental drift.
What is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
500
This plate convergence describes the collision of two continental plates, resulting in the formation of mountain ranges.
What is continental-continental plate convergence?
500
This is the part of the Earth made up of tectonic plates that consist of the upper mantle and crust.
What is the lithosphere?
500
Energy released by an earthquake produces vibrations known as these.
What are seismic waves?
500
This occurs when the edge of a tectonic plate subducts deep into the mantle and pulls the rest of the plate with it.
What is slab pull?
500
In 1960, this American geology professor proposed that magma rises and breaks through the ocean floor. This action occurs consistently, resulting in the spreading of the earth's floor and, thus, continental shift.