Earth's interior
What are the three main layers of the mantle?
Asthenosphere, lithosphere, and lower mantle.
What are the 3 divergent plates?
Divergent, Convergent, and Transform
Who hypothesized that the continents were once connected?
Alfred Wegner
Who proposed the idea of seafloor spreading
Harry Hess
What are the main factors that influence precipitation?
Prevailing winds, rain shadows, seasons, and presence for mountains.
What causes the inner core to be dense and solid?
Extreme Pressure
What are some of the major landforms that can form form the plate boundaries?
Mountains, trenches, volcanoes, and rift valleys
What was the supercontinent called?
Pangea
What is Seafloor Spreading?
When seafloor spreads apart along both sides of a mid-ocean ridge
What are the two types of tropical climates?
Tropical wet, tropical wet and dry
What is the oceanic crust?
A thin layer of the Earth's crust that is found under the ocean basins, mostly made of basalt.
Where do the edges of plates meet at?
Plate boundaries
What three types of evidence did Alfred Wegner use to prove the theory of the continental drift?
Evidence from fossils, evidence from land features, and evidence from climate change.
What are the 3 types of evidence that helped prove seafloor spreading?
Evidence from molten material, Evidence from drilling samples, evidence from magnets.
What are the two types of dry climates?
Arid and semiarid
What creates the Earth's magnetic field?
The movement of liquid in the in the outer core.
What do convection currents do?
Cause plates to move producing changes in Earth's surface
Who helped Wegner prove the continental drift theory?
How do ocean floors move?
Like a conveyor belt
What are the two types of temperate continental climates?
Humid continental and subartic
What are the 2 types of evidence scientists use to learn about Earth's interior?
Indirect and direct evidence
What scientist proposed the theory that the lithosphere was split into sections called plates?
J Tuzo Wilson
What land feature lined up on different continents?
Mountain ranges
Are rocks older or younger the farther they are away from a ridge?
Older
What is the definition of a highland?
Temperature falls as altitude increases, so highland regions are colder than regions that surround them.