Classifying Rocks
Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
Cycle of Rocks
100
Which of the following tests most likely could be used to identify a rock?
A. streak
B. hardness
C. magnetism
D. flame
C. magnetism
100
Why are igneous rocks good for building?
They are weather-resistant and tough.
100
_________ sedimentary rocks form from clumped pieces of other materials, while _________ sedimentary rocks form from minerals precipitating out of a chemical solution. (clastic, nonclastic)
clastic, nonclastic
100
The original rock that was altered to form a metamorphic rock is the _________ rock.
A. base
B. source
C. parent
D. ancestor
B. source
100
What process converts igneous rocks into sedimentary rocks?
erosion and compaction
200
The texture of a rock, which may be fine or coarse, is its __________.
grain
200
________ igneous rocks form from cooled lava; _________ igneous rocks form from cooled magma.
extrusive, intrusive
200
What sedimentary rock is most commonly used for cement and gravel in construction?
limestone
200
What is the difference between foliated and nonfoliated metamorphic rock?
BONUS: Give an example of each
Foliated - has bands or stripes, forms in layers from pressure in one direction (slate)
Nonfoliated - no bands or stripes, forms from pressure in multiple directions (marble)
200
What does the Old-Earth view believe about the rock cycle?
igneous rocks were the first to form
erosion produced sediments
subduction zones melted rock
the cycle occurs over millions of years
300
What are the three classifications of rocks?
igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary
300
Give three examples of igneous rocks.
BONUS: What igneous rock forms the foundations of the continents?
- basalt
- granite - foundation of continents
- obsidian
- pumice
- andesite
300
List the six steps in the formation of sedimentary rocks.
erosion, solution, transportation,
deposition, compaction, cementation
300
What kind of rock cannot be a source for metamorphic rocks?
A. igneous
B. sedimentary
C. metamorphic
D. any rock can be a source rock!
D. any rock can be a source rock!
300
What does the young-earth view believe about the rock cycle?
- only a tiny fraction of the rock cycle could have occurred since the beginning of the world
- there is not enough time for one rock to go through the entire rock cycle
- most sedimentary rocks likely resulted from a catastrophic period in the earth’s history
400
Draw a picture of a fine-grained rock.
BONUS: What is one example of a fine-grained rock?
sandstone, siltstone, shale, limestone, chalk
400
What process returns sedimentary and metamorphic rocks to the mantle to be melted?
subduction
400
What kind of rock is chalk?
You need at least three of its classifications.
sedimentary, nonclastic, organic, fine-grained
400
List three conditions that cause metamorphism in rocks.
- regional metamorphism
- contact metamorphism
- dynamic metamorphism
400
Sedimentary rocks become metamorphic rocks by ______ and ________. Sedimentary and metamorphic rocks can become igneous rocks only in _________ zones.
heat, pressure, subduction
500
Are the three types of rocks forming in large amounts today? Why or why not?
No, there are not enough volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, forces of erosion, and other earth-shaping events.
500
Most intrusive igneous rocks have ______ crystals and formed _______. Most extrusive igneous rocks have _______ crystals and formed _______.
slowly, small, quickly, large
large, slowly, small, quickly
500
List all four types of clastic sedimentary rocks from largest clasts to smallest clasts.
conglomerates, sandstone, siltstone, shale
500
How could you tell how a metamorphic rock formed?
Look for bands (foliation) that indicate pressure in one direction. No bands or stripes indicate pressure from multiple directions or contact metamorphism.
500
Name five uses for metamorphic rocks - be specific!
- marble floors
- marble statues
- marble countertops
- slate patio
- slate rooftops