matter and extras
bonds
acids and bases
states of matter
atoms
100
What is an element?
Substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
100
What is a covalent bond?
Attraction between two atoms with SHARED electrons.
100
What pH range is an acid found in?
6.9-0
100
What are the 4 forms of matter found on Earth?
solid, liquid, gas, plasma
100
What is an atom?
Building block of matter, smallest form of matter that retains the properties of the elements.
200
What is all matter made of?
atoms
200
What is a mixture?
A combination of two or more substances that all retain their own identity.
200
What pH range are bases found in?
7.1-14
200
What is the name of the structure of a solid?
crystalline structure
200
What is the mass number?
The number of protons and neutrons added together.
300
What is another name for the Law of Conservation of Energy?
The First Law of Thermodynamics.
300
What is an ionic bond?
Attractive force between two oppositely charged ions. Ex. Na+ and Cl-
300
What do acids and bases each release in water?
Acids = hydrogen ions (H+) Bases = hydroxide ions (OH-)
300
What is plasma?
Highly ionized gas that conducts electricity well, very hot.
300
What is an ion?
An atom that has a charge from gaining or losing an electron.
400
What is another name for a homogeneous mixture?
solution
400
What is a chemical reaction?
The change of one substance into another substance.
400
What is the pH range of rainwater?
5.5 to 6.0
400
Is there such a thing as cold?
No, just the absence of heat.
400
What is a nucleus?
Positively charged, central core of an atom.
500
In what forms is plasma found on Earth?
lightning, neon signs, plasma tv's.
500
What is a polar molecule?
A covalent compound that does not share electrons equally.
500
What does the pH scale measure?
The amount of hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions in a solution.
500
What are the 5 changes of state, what do they happen between, do they absorb or release heat?
condensation = gas to liquid, release; evaporation = liquid to gas, absorb; sublimation = solid to gas, absorb; freezing = liquid to solid, release; melting = solid to liquid, absorb
500
What are the 3 subatomic particles and their charges and where are they found?
proton = positive, nucleus; neutron = neutral, nucleus; electron = negative, energy levels outside nucleus.
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