Sec 3.1 Changing Earth's Surface
Sec 3.2 Water
Sec 3.3 Waves & Wind
Sec 3.4 Glacier
Mixed Review
100
The material moved by erosion
What is sediment?
100
Water that moves over Earth's surface after rain
What is runoff?
100
The reason that sediment moves down a beach with the current
Longshore Drift
100
How is a glacier form?
When there are more snow falls than snow melts.
100
What is the weakest agent of erosion?
Wind
200
The force that causes all types of mass movement.
What are gravity?
200
What is the difference between erosion and deposition?
Erosion is the process by which natural forces move weathered rock from place to place. Deposition is the process by which erosion lays down sediment in new locations.
200
How is a sea arch formed?
When sea caves on either side of a headland join
200
What is the difference between a continental and valley glacier?
Size Flowing direction
200
The erosion agent that formed Yosemite Valley in Sierra Nevada
Glacier Erosion
300
4 types of mass movement
What are landslides, mudflows, slump and creep?
300
Describe the difference between delta and alluvial fan.
Shape: alluvial fan has the shape of a fan. Destination: Alluvial fan forms when a stream flows out of a steep, narrow mountain valley, the stream suddenly becomes wider and shallower, water slows down, and sediments are deposited. Delta forms when a river flows into a still body of water, like an ocean or a lake.
300
2 ways how waves eroded land and describe each way
impact (waves hit rock and break apart rocks) and abrasion (waves pick up sediment which wear away rock)
300
2 ways how glaciers eroded land and describe each way
1) plucking - break and pick up rocks 2) abrasion
300
Describe the layers of soil
Topsoil/A horizon - humus, clay, and other minerals Subsoil/B horizon - clay and other particles washed down from the A horizon with little humus C horizon - weathered rocks Bedrock
400
Name 2 similarities and 1 difference between landslide and mudflow.
Similarities: -Rapid downhill movement -can be trigger by mudflow and landslide -can cause a lot of damage Differences: -mudflows: up to 60% water -often occur after a heavy rain
400
Describe how an oxbow lake is formed.
A oxbow lake may form when a river flood and high water finds a straighter route downstream. Sediments build up, a meander is cut off to become an oxbow lake.
400
2 ways how wind eroded land and describe each way
1) deflation - wind removes surface materials and sediment 2) abrasion - rocks are polished by wind-carried sand
400
The definition of till!
The mixture of sediments that a glacier deposits directly on the surface, i.e. clay, sit, sand, gravel, and boulders
400
Describe the differences between chemical and mechanical weathering and give 2 examples
Mechanical weathering - the process where rocks are physically broken into smaller piers, i.e. animal action, plant growth, abrasion, ice wedging, and release of pressure Chemical weathering - the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes, i.e. water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, living organisms, and acid rain
500
Describe how a meander is formed.
(hint: related to the streamed shape!) As a river widens from side to side, it erode the outer banks of bend and deposit sediment on the inner banks of bends.
500
Most desert landforms are the result of ...? (2 answers)
Weathering and water erosion
500
What is moraine and kettle? (250 pt each)
Moraine - the till deposited at the edges of a glacier that forms a ridge Kettle - a small depression that forms when a chunk of ice is left in glacial till
500
3 ways how energy can be transferred
moving object, by waves, and by heat flow
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