Matter
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and occupies space
What is the process that occurs when a solid turns into liquid?
Melting
All forces act in _________.
Pairs
What is energy?
The ability to do work.
What is an atom?
Bonus points if you can tell what the word atom means in Greek
The smallest building block of matter
Atom means indivisible in Greek
What is a pure substance?
A material made of only one kind of particle.
What is the process that occurs when a vapor changes to a solid?
Deposition
What is a force?
A push or a pull.
What are the two types of energy and how are they different?
Kinetic energy: energy from a moving object
Potential energy: a non-moving object with the potential to move
What subatomic particles can you find in the nucleus of an atom?
Is Diet Coke an example of a pure substance or a mixture?
What is unique about melting point compared to freezing point?
The are the same temperature.
What type of force is shear force and what does it do?
Contact force
Causes particles in an object to move across each other in layers.
What is an ultrasonic wave and what type of energy is it an example of?
Sound vibrations that are too fast to hear.
Sound energy
How can a neutral atom become an ion?
By gaining or losing an electron. The proton and electron charges become unbalanced.
What most determines a substance's state of matter?
a. Color
b. Shape
c. Volume
d. Temperature
How would you measure mass of an object?
Using a scale
How could your weight be different here than on Mars?
Weight is a measurement of the pull produced by gravity. If you move to a different location with a difference force of gravity, you will have a different weight.
What are some examples of light energy?
Visible light, radio waves, microwaves, infrared light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, and gamma rays.
What are the 3 ways that matter can change? Explain the differences.
Physical change: a change in substance's appearance but not its chemical composition
Chemical change: when a pure substance changes into another substance
Nuclear change: when the structure of an atom is changed
What happens to the particles in a substance as the temperature warms up?
Particles move more quickly and begin bumping into each other.
What units of measurement do we use to measure volume?
quarts, gallons, cubic inches, liters, milliliters, cubic centimeters.
What is a field force and what are the 3 types?
A force that acts on an object even when separated by distance.
Magnetic force
Electrical force
Gravity
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can change forms.
Explain the difference in the 2 types of nuclear changes?
Fusion: the combining of 2 nuclei of different atoms because of extreme force
Fission: the splitting of a nucleus into smaller parts