States of matter
Which state of matter has a fixed shape, and the particles vibrate close together
Solid
What is a force?
A push or a pull
what is the ability to do work
energy
What is the smallest building block of matter?
the atom
what kind of change is just a change of appearance?
Physical Change
butter going from solid to liquid and liquid to solid
Which state of matter is HOT - sun and stars are examples of things in this state (acts like a gas)
Plasma
Contact Force
what are the two kinds of mechanical energy?
Kinetic and Potential
What is the center of the atom called?
the nucleus (contains protons and neutrons)
What charge to neutrons carry?
No charge! they are neutral
Which state of matter do the particles move super-fast and are spread far apart?
Gas
Tension, Friction, Shear, and Compression forces are all what kind of force?
Contact forces
True or False: Energy and work are closely related.
Why?
True
work is the force that acts on an object as it moves over a distance, and energy is the ability to do that work
what particle in an atom is negatively charged?
Electron
What are two types of vaporization?
Boiling and Evaporation
What is the state change going from vapor to solid called?
Deposition (frost is an example)
What act of objects even when separated by a distance?
Field Forces
Heat
what are atoms that gain or lose electrons called?
Ions (positive and negative charges are no longer balanced in the nucleus)
What energy involves forces in the NUCLEI of atoms?
Nuclear energy
What is matter classified by?
it's composition and physical properties
What is the most noticeable force (gives things weight)
Gravity
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
Matter and energy can neither be created nor destroyed; they can only change forms
matter and energy are never lost
If you combine 2 or more atoms, what is produced?
A compound
H2O or CO2
What energy is released when chemical bonds break?
Chemical Energy