They
Choose the correct type of mineral.
quartz (SiO2)
Compound mineral
True or False. The law of conservation of matter implies that the earth's matter can change in form but not in mass.
True
Choose the type of igneous rock on the basis of its crystal size.
basalt—has no visible grains
Extrusive igneous rock
The way that a mineral reflects light from its surface is its
Luster.
Choose the type of sedimentary rock on the basis of how it is formed.
conglomerate—containing gravel, pebbles, and stones
Clastic sedimentary rock
A more reliable identification property than simply a mineral’s color is its
streak.
Choose the type of igneous rock on the basis of its crystal size.
rhyolite—has no grains visible to the unaided eye
Extrusive igneous rock
Limestone has been used for thousands of years as the raw material for a common artificial construction material called
concrete/cement.
Choose the correct type of mineral.
platinum (Pt)
Native mineral
Fragments of rocks that fuse together to form a larger rock are called
clasts.
Choose the type of sedimentary rock on the basis of how it is formed.
halite—having a uniform milky, transparent appearance
Nonclastic sedimentary rock
When limestone undergoes metamorphosis, it turns into marble.
marble.
Choose the correct type of mineral.
diamond (C)
Native mineral
High-quality marble rock would most likely be used for….
veneer stone on large government buildings.
Choose the type of metamorphic rock on the basis of its appearance.
quartzite—metamorphic sandstone with a uniform texture and color
Nonfoliated metamorphic rock
A rock's _________ is its look and feel.
texture
Choose the type of metamorphic rock on the basis of its appearance.
slate—can break into sheets
Foliated metamorphic rock
Oxides are compounds that consist of _________ and another element, usually a _________.
oxygen and metal
Choose the correct type of mineral.
calcite (CaCO3)
Compound mineral
Old-earth geologists believe that sedimentary rocks eventually return to the mantle by
subduction
The ratio of a mineral’s density to water’s density is called the mineral’s
specific gravity.
The crystals and particles in a rock are called
Grains.
Modern geologists believe that the size of the grains in an igneous rock have more to do with where it cooled than how______ it cooled.
fast
From a Christian perspective, analyze this statement: "We should be actively engaged in locating, mining, and processing new sources of ores and their minerals."
God created the earth with valuable ores within it. Part of having dominion means making the best use of these materials. We should do so in a way that better meets the needs of humans, but not to the excessive detriment of the environment. Mining can destroy species of living things along with the environment. It can also be unsightly and cause long-term problems. Mine accidents can injure and even kill miners; this risk must be carefully considered. As much as possible, we should recycle materials that we have already removed from the earth. We can work to maximize the benefits and minimize the consequences of mining.
What does a rock's texture reveal about its history?
A coarse texture means that a rock has large crystals, while a fine texture means that it has very small or indistinguishable crystals. Geologists believe that crystal size is determined by magma composition, temperature, pressure, rate of cooling, and rate of crystallization. Often, coarse-texture rocks formed underground, while fine-texture rocks formed on or near the surface.