Chapter 1:What is Earth Science
The study of Weather
What is Meteorology?
A line connecting points of equal elevation on a topographical map.
What is a Contour Line?
The three subatomic parts of an atom.
What are Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons?
These rocks form from cooling magma.
What are igneous rocks?
The person mostly credited with developing the theory of Continental Drift.
Who is Alfred Wegener?
In an earthquake, the initial point where the rocks rupture in the crust is called this.
What is the Focus?
The majority of the volcanic activity on the Earth occurs here.
What is the Pacific Ring of Fire?
A globe is this kind of model.
What is a Physical Model
Zero degrees Latitude
What is the Equator?
a\A solid in which the atoms are arranged in a regular, repeating pattern
What is a Crystal?
The two main types of igneous rocks.
What are Intrusive and Extrusive?
This is composed of both the crust and the portion of the upper mantle that behaves as a brittle, rigid solid.
What is the Lithosphere?
The most accepted explanation for how earthquakes occur.
What is the Elastic Rebound Theory
a liquid’s resistance to flow
What is Viscosity?
With the information collected from background research, the scientist creates a plausible explanation for the question.
What is a Hypothesis?
A satellite in geostationary orbit takes how long to go around the Earth?
What is 24 Hrs?
This describes the reflection of light off a mineral’s surface.
What is Luster?
The White House was mostly built from this sedimentary rock.
What is Sandstone?
This part of the Earth is hot, ultramafic rock and represents about 68% of Earth's mass.
What is the Mantle?
What is the difference in energy released between a 6 and a 8 on the Richter scale?
What is 100?
At divergent plate boundaries, lava erupts through these long cracks in the ground,
What are Fissures?
Before scientific research is published, several scientists will examine the work that is done.
What is Peer Review?
The most accurate map projection - used bty National Geographic.
What is the Winkel-Trepel Projection
These are formed when large crystals grow in open spaces inside a rock.
What are Geodes?
The metamorphic rock that forms from shale.
What is Slate?
The oldest sea-floor crust is found near these ocean features.
What are deep-sea trenches?
the world’s most famous strike-slip fault.
What is the San Andreas Fault?
There are about this many known hotspots on Earth.
What is 50?
The one factor that can be manipulated or changed in an experiment.
What is an Independent Variable?
All ocean basin rocks are younger than this.
What is 180 million years?
Valuable minerals found in stream gravels.
What are Placers?
The opposite of Fractional Crystallization.
What is Partial Melting?
The highest mountain ranges happen at this type of convergent plate boundary.
What is Continent-Continent?
A deeply buried rock is pushed down by the weight of all the material above it. Since the rock cannot move, it cannot deform.
What is Confining Stress?
These magmas are higher in silica and contain lighter colored minerals such as quartz and orthoclase feldspar.
What is Felsic magma?