Earth Structure
The circular movement of a liquid or gas as it heats
What is convection?
When an oceanic plate sinks under a continental plate, it is known as this
What is subduction?
The two types of weathering
What is mechanical and chemical weathering?
The three main categories of clouds
What are cirrus, stratus, and cumulus?
Anything that comes out of a volcano is known as this
What is ejecta?
The term for the Earth's crust and uppermost mantle
What is the lithosphere?
The three types of plate boundaries
What are convergent, divergent, and transform?
The region of the thermosphere that is electrically charged due to the sun's "mahgic layzer beems"
What is the ionosphere?
The two main sources of greenhouse gas emissions
What are (the burning of) fossil fuels and deforestation?
The three types of fronts
What are warm, cold, and occluded fronts?
The boundary between the crust and mantle
What is the Mohorovicic Discontinuity (MOHO)?
The three types of volcanoes
What are cinder cones, shield, and strato/composite volcanoes?
The layers of Earth's atmosphere, in order
What are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere?
The names of Earth's three major wind belts
What are the trade winds, prevailing westerlies, and polar easterlies?
The scale used to measure the intensity or magnitude of a volcanic eruption
What is the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) scale?
The term for the process that generates the Earth's magnetic field
What is the geodynamo?
Hot spot volcanoes are so-called because they sit on top of these
What are mantle/convection plumes?
The five agents of erosion
What are water, wind/sand, ice (glaciers), gravity, and humans?
The great ocean conveyor belt regulates the climate of the Earth by regulating and circulating these three key ingredients
What are nutrients, oxygen, and heat?
Of all the water on Earth, only this much is fresh
What is 3%?
The term for the balance of weight between the large blocks of crust and the underlying liquid asthenosphere
What is isostatic equilibrium (isostasy)?
Strong earthquakes that occur under areas of soft sediment or soil can cause the surface to behave like a liquid, in the process known as this
What is liquefaction?
The term for a deep shaft in a glacier in which meltwater flows, possible lubricating the bottom and speeding it up
What is a moulin?
Three reasons why Tucson's climate is arid
What are PET greater than 3, low elevation, far from sources of moisture, the Pacific Ocean is cold, we're at 30 degrees latitude, and we're in a double rain shadow
The reason why global warming leads to climate change
What is the addition of more heat (energy) into the world's weather systems?