How Earth Wears Down
How Earth is Built Up
Earthquakes & Volcanoes
Structure of the Earth
Landforms and stuff
100
The destructive force that breaks down rock into smaller pieces
What is weathering?
100
The constructive force in which sediments that have been moved from one place are dropped or released in another place
What is deposition?
100
A violent shaking of Earth's crust as built up energy is released
What is an earthquake?
100
The solid, innermost layer of the earth (made mostly of iron and nickel, it creates a magnetic field)
What is the inner core?
100
This kind of valley is formed as glaciers push downward, carving out the mountain as they go
What is a u-shaped valley?
200
The process where smaller, broken down pieces of rock are carried away by wind, water or moving ice
What is erosion?
200
The constructive (mountain building) force where one plate pushes another plate upward as they come together, or converge
What is uplift?
200
An opening in Earth's surface through which melted rock, hot gases, rock fragments and ash erupt.
What is a volcano?
200
The idea that giant plates of rock are slowly moving across Earth's surface
What is plate tectonics
200
This kind of valley or canyon is formed as a river cuts through the rock over time.
What is a v-shaped valley?
300
Small pieces of rock
What is sediment?
300
The Hawaiian Islands were formed by _____________?
What are volcanoes?
300
The point underground where the faulting of an earthquake occurs
What is the focus?
300
Alfred Wegener theorized that all of the continents used to be one giant landmass called this
What is Pangaea?
300
This beautiful landform is created when softer rock beneath erodes faster than the harder rock on top of it
What is an arch?
400
This kind of weathering happens when ice freezes into the cracks of rocks, roads or sidewalks, expanding and breaking them down
What is mechanical weathering?
400
These are formed when sediment is dropped or released from a stream or river into a larger body of water (pleh!)
What are deltas?
400
Melted rock beneath Earth's surfac
What is magma?
400
An instrument that detects even the smallest of earthquakes, but cannot predict exactly when they occur
What is a seismograph?
400
This mile deep canyon took nearly 2 billion years to form as the Colorado River cut through rock that was slowly being uplifted
What is the Grand Canyon?
500
These help keep mountains and hills from eroding away when it rains a lot
What are trees, bushes and vegetation?
500
At 29,029 feet, this is the tallest mountain on Earth
What is Mt. Everest?
500
Waves of energy sent through Earth's crust when plates move suddenly
What are seismic waves?
500
The most recently estimated age of the Earth (know your place value!)
What is 4,500,000,000 years
500
Earth's surface takes a ___________to build up and break down, especially when compared to our short human lives
What is a very long time
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