Rock that forms from the cooling of magma below Earth's surface.
100
What is erosion?
The movement of sediment by gravity, wind, water, or ice.
100
Name of the landmass before the continents drifted apart.
What is pangaea?
200
What causes the Earth's crustal plates to move?
Convection currents in the mantle
200
What is extrusive igneous rock?
Rock that forms from the cooling of lava above Earth's surface.
200
What is it called when sediments are left behind when the energy of the erosive force stops.
Deposition
200
The process of physical weathering and erosion by ice.
What is glaciation?
200
This can occur at any plate boundary to release stress.
What is an earthquake?
300
Deep ocean trenches form along what type of boundary?
Convergent boundaries
300
What causes coarse grained (large crystals) igneous rock to form?
The slow cooling of magma below the surface of the Earth.
300
After sediments are deposited, the sediments get built up layer upon layer, and eventually the bottom layers get _______________ due to the weight of the overlying sediments.
compacted
300
The type of valleys glaciers form.
What are u-shaped valleys?
300
Beaches change shape and size because of ___________.
What is wave erosion?
400
How are mountains formed?
When one plate converges with another that is the same density they push each other upwards.
400
What causes the fine-grained glassy luster of the rock obsidian?
Extremely fast cooling of lava.
400
We call it __________________ when sediments are stuck together and become sedimentary rock.
cementation
400
Long Island and Cape Cod were created this way.
What are terminal moraines?
400
River erosion can move all sizes of ______________.
What is sediment?
500
What feature on the ocean floor is created at a divergent boundary?
Mid-ocean ridges form at this type of boundary which causes the seafloor to spread.
500
For an Igneous rock to turn into a metamorphic rock it needs to be ________ and ___________.
heated and pressurized
500
For any rock to change into a sedimentary rock it first needs to go through the processes of ___________and ________.
weathering and erosion
500
Created by glacial weathering and is evidence of glacial activity, specifically abrasion.
What are striations?
500
The material that is produced by explosive volcanoes.