Earth's Spheres & Systems
This branch of Earth science is primarily related to the study of the universe beyond the Earth
this is a solid in which atoms are arranged in repeating patterns
crystal
this type of rock forms as a result of intense heat and pressure
metamorphic rock
The name of the most recent supercontinent
Pangea
this process occurs when physical forces break rock into smaller pieces without changing its chemical composition
mechanical weathering
The study of meteorology involves the study of these two things
weather and climate
this term describes the color of a mineral when it is broken up and powdered
streak
this type of rock forms when magma hardens beneath Earth's surface (two words)
intrusive igneous
This kind of plate boundary occurs where two plates grind past each other without creating or destroying lithosphere
transform boundary
weathering that involves the constant freezing and thawing of water in rock cracks
frost or ice wedging
This sphere includes the oceans, groundwater, lakes, and glaciers
hydrosphere
this scale is used to measure hardness of a mineral
Mohs scale
fossils are almost exclusively found in this type of rock
sedimentary
the primary cause of thermal convection that drives plate motion
temperature and density differences
the process by which outer rock layers are stripped away creating an onion like structure
exfoliation
This sphere represents the rigid, outer shell of the Earth, including the crust
geosphere
the primary characteristic used to classify minerals
chemical composition
this is the process by which mineral growth glues sediment grains together into solid rock
cementation
the location on the Earth's surface directly above where an earthquake begins
epicenter
chemical weathering is generally most intense in areas with this type of climate
this sub-discipline of Earth science focuses on the history of the Earth and the processes that shape it
geology
minerals that are mined for a profit
ores
In the formation of sedimentary rocks that follows, what are the two missing words in order?
weathering, erosion, ???, compaction, ???
deposition, cementation
type of seismic wave that travels the fastest and arrives first at the seismograph station
P-wave
two types of landform created by glaciers
U-shaped valleys, moraines, erratics, etc.