Types of Rocks
Rocks formed by layers of sediments stacking up over time, pressing lower layers into rock.
Sedmentary Rock
The process by which sedimentary rock is formed.
Weathering, erosion, and deposition
True or False: Fossils can be found in any type of rock.
False
Tiny pieces of rock
sediment
Pumice is formed when magma cools quickly and air bubbles are trapped inside. What type of rock is pumice?
Igneous
Rock formed by rocks being heated and pressed deep in the Earth's layers.
Metamorphic Rock
The process by which igneous rocks are formed.
Melting, cooling, and solidification
True or False: Scientists can study fossils to learn more about the land and water of Earth's past.
True
Preserved remains of living things.
Fossils
Limestone is sometimes formed by layers of shell and coral being pressed together over time. What kind of rock is limestone?
Sedimentary
Rocks formed by molten rock cooling and becoming solid rock.
Igneous Rock
The process by which metamorphic rocks are formed.
Existing rock is subjected to very high heat and pressure.
Which of the following is a type of fossil?
A. Trace
B. Body
C. Cast
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The process by which sediment is moved from one place to another.
Erosion
Marble is formed when limestone is exposed to high temperatures and pressure. What kind of rock is marble?
Metamorphic
In which type of rock can you find fossils?
Sedimentary Rock
What has to happen to a metamorphic or sedimentary rock to become igneous?
It must melt.
While digging deep into the Earth, archeologists find a layer of sedimentary rock that contains shell fossils. Underneath that layer is a layer of rock that contains plant fossils and no shells. What can scientists infer about that location based on this evidence?
Over time the location has changed from land to water.
Which is likely to be older: rocks located 500 feet underground, or rocks located 5,000 feet underground?
5,000 feet (The deeper the layer, the older the rock)
Shale is formed by the compaction of layers of mud over time. What kind of rock is shale?
Sedimentary
Igneous rock is created from the cooling and solidification of what?
Magma or lava
What must happen to a metamorphic or igneous rock for it to become sedimentary?
It must be weathered into sediment that is eroded away and deposited into layers.
Heat and pressure deep in the Earth can change fossils into _____.
Fossils fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)
What are the three processes that can change rock from one type to another?
Melting
Heat and Pressure
Weathering, Erosion & Deposition
Obsidian is formed when lava cools down very quickly. What kind of rock is obsidian?
Igneous