Soils
What is soil?
mixture of weathered rock, rock fragments, decayed organic matter, water, and air.
Who was the first person to propose that continents move? What was this theory called after it was proved?
Alfred Wegener. The Plate Tectonics theory.
What happens to the crust when mountains are eroded away?
What is an Earthquake?
vibrations in the ground that result from movement along breaks in Earth´s lithosphere?
What is the type of landform that is flat but has high elevation?
Plateau
What is the smallest particle size in soil?
Clay
Name a continent that was once part of another continent, but it got separated. Mention the type of plate boundary involved.
Africa and South America. Africa and Saudi Arabia. North America and Europe. Madagascar and Africa. Divergent Plate Boundary.
What type of stress can we find in convergent plate boundaries?
Compression
In what type of plate boundary can earthquakes occur?
ALL
in what soil-horizons do we find unweathered rock (bedrock)
R-horizon
In what soil horizon do we find oganic matter?
O-horizon
What is seafloor spreading and who was the scientits to first propose this idea?
Seafloor spreading is the process by which new oceanic crust is forms along a mid-ocean ridge and older oceanic crust moves away from the ridge.
Harry Hess.
What type of mountain shows very little deformation on rocks?
Uplifted mountains
Earthquakes can be felt only at plate boundaries.
FALSE. Anywhere there is a fault.
Where do we find oceanic trenches? (draw it on the board)
Where an oceanic crust is subducting under another oceanic crust or a continental crust.
What is organic matter? Give examples of organic matter we can find in soil
Organic matter is the remains of something that was once alive. Ex: dead leaves, dead insects, waste products of animals.
Explain what is magnetic revarsal, normal polarity, and reverse polarity.
Volcanic arcs, folded mountains
What are the three types of seismic waves produced by earthquakes? Which ones do we feel first? Which ones are the slowest to occur?
Primary waves (first ones to be felt), Secondary waves (slower than P waves), Surface waves (slowest and last ones to be felt).
What are the three types of fauts that can produce earthquakes?
Draw them on the board
Normal fault, reverse fault, strike-slip fault.
what are the different soil horizons... in order from top to bottom?
Mention what are the different types of plate boundaries and at least one type of landform produced by each one of them.
Divergent plate boundary - MOR
Convergent boundary - volcanoes, tall mountains
Transform boundaries - fault zones
What processes causes continents to grow and which processes cause continents to shrink or divide?
Volcanic activity and continental collision makes continents grow. Weathering and erosion makes continents shrink, continental rifting can make a single big continents to divide in two smaller continents.
What is the difference between a Mercalli Scale and a Richter Scale?
Mercalli scale is used to measure distruction, based on opinion. Richter scale measures intensity of earthquake, based on how much shaking is produced.
Near the edges of a continent we find areas of higher elevations, and in the central part of a continent we tend to find flatter or areas of lower elevation.