Vocab
Rocks formed when chemical reactions cement sediments together, hardening them
What is sedimentary rock
Rocks that start as one type and are transformed by high temperature or pressure
What is metamorphic rock
Evaporation of water from plant sediments
What is transpiration
Name the most awesome substitute teacher at NHS
Who is Mrs. Mack
The 2 most common features of fast-moving streams in mountainous areas
What are v-shaped valleys and waterfalls
Any process that breaks down rocks and creates sediment
What is weathering
Small, solid fragments of rock-like gravel, sand, silt, mud, or clay
What is sediment
The Moho is found between these two layers of the Earth
What is the crust and the mantle
Name 3 agents of erosion
What are water (streams, rivers, waves) glaciers, gravity, weathering, wind
Name an example of chemical weathering
What is acid rain, rusting
The process that moves sediments
What is erosion
Processes in which forces within Earth and at the surface cause rocks to continuously change from one type to another
What is the rock cycle
The Earth's magnetic field is important for this reason
What is it blocks cosmic rays from the sun
This fresh water soaks into the ground and fills the tiny empty spaces between rocks, sand, and soil
What is groundwater
Name an example of mechanical weathering
What is ice wedging, abrasion, plants or animals
Solid, naturally occurring, inorganic substances that have a definite chemical composition and a crystalline structure
What are minerals
Evaporation and condensation of a mixture to separate out the mixture's individual components
What is distillation
Scientists use these waves to observe and study the layers of the Earth
What are seismic waves
Difference between mechanical and chemical weathering.
Mechanical weathering - physical breakdown of rocks
Chemical weathering - changes the composition of the rocks. It occurs when water reacts with minerals to change or dissolve them
Name the 4 layers of the Earth
What is crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core
Rocks formed when magma cools
What is igneous rock
Water falling from the atmosphere as rain, snow, sleet, or hail
What is precipitation
The part of the Earth's core that is liquid
What is the outer core
Processes include erosion, weathering, deposition, melting, cooling, heat, pressure, compaction, and cementation
The process of changing a liquid to a gas
What is evaporation