Unit 1: Scientific Method + Jarrett Creek
What are the four steps of the scientific process?
1. Asking a Scientific Question
2. Gathering Evidence
3. Making a Scientific Claim
4. Reporting Results
If an atom has two electrons shells what is the max amount of electrons it can hold?
10
What is a mineral?
Double points
An inorganic, crystalline solid that forms through a natural process.
They can be identified by their characteristic physical properties (structure, hardness, color)
What is a constellation?
What does Relative Humidity Measure?
The amount of water vapor in the air
What is density?
What is the equation used to calculate it?
'The measure of the amount of matter that occupies a given space'
Calculated by dividing the mass of the matter by its volume (D=m/V)
Draw the Lewis Dot Structure for Lithium?
Li with one electron
What are the three different types of rocks and their sub-categories?
Igneous: (Felsic, Mafic, Intrusive, Extrusive)
Sedimentary: (Clastic, Organic, Chemical)
Metamorphic: (Foliated, Non-Foliated)
What are the different stages of the star cycle for a low/medium mass star?
Daily double
Nebula -> Main Sequence -> Red Giant -> Planetary Nebula -> White Dwarf
What is the Coriolis Effect and why does it happen?
The effect of a rotating body that influences the motion of any object or fluid; on Earth, air moving north or south from the equator appears to move right or left, respectively. The combination of the Coriolis effect and Earth's heat imbalance creates the trade winds, polar easterlies, and prevailing westerlies.
This is due to Earth's rotation on its axis
What are the four main measurements needed to calculate streamflow?
Length, Width, Depth, and Velocity
What does the Bohr Model show?
Daily double
It shows electrons traveling around the nucleus of an atom in different circular orbits (orbitals/cells)
What are the different types of plate boundaries?
Convergent Boundary: Two plates are moving towards each other
Divergent Boundary: Two plates are moving apart from each other
Transform: Two plates slide horizontally past each other
Explain red shift and blue shift.
Red shift away, blue shift towards
What layer of the atmosphere does all of the weather occur in?
Troposphere
If a block of wood has a density of .88 g/mL would it sink or float in water with a density of 1 g/mL?
It would float.
What components are essential in identifying an atom?
Proton: tiny atomic particle that has mass and a positive electric charge
Neutron: tiny atomic particle that is electrically neutral and has about the same mass as a proton
Electron: tiny atomic particle with little mass and a negative electric charge
What are 3 of the characteristics of a mineral that can be used to identify what kind of mineral it is?
Main Characteristics: Color, Streak, Cleavage, Fracture, Specific Gravity, Luster, Hardness
Special Characteristics: Smell/Taste, React with Acid, Magnetism, Fluorescence
What is the H-R Diagram and what two star properties does it compare?
The H-R Diagram is a data chart that shows/groups different stars based off of their characteristics. The Luminosity and Temperature of the stars help show where a star is in their life cycle (main sequence, red giant, white dwarf)
The Earth's Atmosphere is primarily composed of what two gasses?
Jarrett Creek is apart of the Red Cedar Watershed. The runoff water can be apart of the reason Lake Menomin has algae blooms. What are the main components that create algae blooms in water?
Excess nitrogen and phosphorus cause algae to increase dramatically
What is the difference of ionic and covalent bonding?
Ionic: an electrostatic attraction between two atoms where one atom transfers an electron to the other atom
Covalent:the force of attraction that holds together two atoms that share a pair of valence electrons
Define 3 of the types of glacier features.
Glacial Erratics
Glacial Striations
Glacial Tills
Moraines
Kettle Lakes
Scoured Lakes
Drumlins
True or false: The photosphere is the layer of the sun we can see? (A lot of people did layers of the sun on their sun posters.)
True
What are the three different types of clouds?
What changes to the cloud names when it is raining/precipitating?
Cirrus, Cumulus, and Stratus
When precipitation is occuring, the prefix or suffix of nimbo/nimbus is added