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100
Using data from seismic waves, geologists have learned that Earth's interior is made up of several...
layers.
100
At what type of plate boundary do we see most earthquakes take place?
Transform
100
What are the 3 different types of volcanoes?
Shield, Composite, Cinder Cone
100
How does stress lead to a fault?
So much stress it causes it to break which is then a fault.
100
What does Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift state?
The continents were once joined together in a single landmass (Pangaea)
200
What are the 3 main layers of the earth?
Crust, Mantle, Core (inner and outer)
200
At a convergent boundary in the ocean, we often see a plate that sinks back down into the mantle, what do we call this process?
Subduction
200
What is the fault line named that runs through California and is the cause of most earthquakes in that area?
San Andreas Fault
200
What is the name of the plate that has the Ring of Fire?
Pacific Plate
200
Why did a lot of scientists reject Wegener's theory of continental drift?
He couldn't identify a force that could move the continents.
300
How would you best describe Earth's inner core?
A dense ball of solid material.
300
What technology did scientists use to map mid-ocean ridges?
Sonar
300
What are the 3 steps for Earthquake safety?
Drop, Cover, Hold
300
Name one of the scales we use to measure earthquakes.
Richter, Moment Magnitude, Mercalli
300
What do we call the theory that states that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion?
The Theory of Plate Tectonics
400
How do geologists obtain indirect evidence about Earth's interior?
Recording and studying seismic waves. How do they obtain direct evidence? Rock samples
400
What are the three types of plate boundaries? Draw using arrows for each.
Convergent (--> <--) Divergent (<-- -->) Transform (Move past each other)
400
Name 3 constructive processes.
Volcanoes, Deposition, Glaciers
400
Name 3 destructive processes.
Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Flooding
400
In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts along what?
Mid-Ocean Ridges
500
What do most geologists think is causing the movement of Earth's plates?
Convection currents in the mantle.
500
Who came up with the theory of sea-floor spreading?
Henry Hess
500
What are the 3 different stages of a volcanoes life?
Extinct, Dormant, Active
500
Explain how an earthquake often triggers a tsunami.
Plates jolt up, causing the ocean to rise and move towards shore, continually growing.
500
How did Wegener prove that rocks further away from mid-ocean ridges were older than rocks that were found closer to the mid-ocean ridges?
By determining the ages of rocks, obtained through drilling on the sea floor.
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