Unit 6: Freshwater
Plate Boundaries
Internal Earth
Geologic Time, Etc
Mish-Mash
100
What source of energy powers the water cycle?
Solar Energy
100
What type of boundary creates a mid-ocean ridge?
Oceanic-Oceanic Divergent
100
What are the 3 types of rocks and how are they made?
Sedimetary--erosion, lithification, and cementation
Igneous-Vocanic Processes
Metamorphic--Heat and pressure
100
What era of time is represented by the horizontal layers of rock in the Grand Canyon?
The Paleozoic Era
100
Describe an interaction between the biosphere and the atmosphere
an animal breathing is an example. So is a bird flying
200
What are the 3 rivers that supply water to the Phoenix Metro area?
Salt River, Verde River, Colorado River
200
What type of land feature forms at a Continental-Oceanic Convergent boundary?
Volcanic Mountains like the Andes
200
Describe the differences between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks
intrusive-formed inside the Earth, cooled slowly, so larger crystals
extrusive--formed outside of the Earth, cooled quickly, so small crystals (or none at all)
200
Why do Eras end?
an extinction event, like the K-T boundary that ended the Dinosaurs and the Mesozoic Era, or the Permian Extinction that ended the Paleozoic Era
200
How does silica content create different types of volcanoes?
Low silica content creates fast-flowing lava (basaltic) and shield volcanoes
High silica content creates thick lava and explosive volcanoes, such as Yellowstone (very high — rhyolitic) or Mt. St. Helens (moderate — andesitic).
300
Which organism is involved in the process of transpiration?
Plant
300
How does the density of oceanic and continental plates affect their movement on Earth?
More dense plates subduct at convergent plate boundaries
300
What is the movement of heated materials upward and cooled materials downward? Where is this found inside the body of the Earth? What does this cause?
Convection
in the Asthenosphere
It moves the plates
300
What are the 3 eras in the Phanerozic Eon known for?
Cenozoic Era-Age of Mammals
Mesozoic Era--Age of Dinosaurs
Paleozoic Era--age of Ancient Life
300
On a Mercator projection map (like the one on the back wall), there are distortions. . . where? And why?
at the top of the map and the bottom of the map, or "near the poles." This is because a Earth is a globe and globes can never be made perfectly flat, without distortion.
400
Draw the water cycle. Include 5 vocabulary words
Evaporation, condensation, precipitation, runoff, infiltration
400
What land feature is formed at a continental-continental divergent boundary? Give an example of this boundary on Earth.
Rift Valley, East African Rift Zone
400
Which direction is the Juan De Fuca Plate moving? How do you know?
To the East
The mid-ocean ridge is a spreading center, pushing east and west. It is creating the volcanic mountains on the continent through ocean-continent subduction
400
Which Dirction is the plate moving? How do you know? Where is the active volcano?
North West. Crust is created at the ridge. Flounder is where the hotspot/active volcano is
400
How is a Scientific Theory different from a Scientific Law?
A Scientific Theory explains the why and how of a very big idea (like plate tectonics or evolution). It can never be proven, only disproven. Many, many pieces of evidence together make a good theory. Theories can be changed with more evidence, or disproven all together, but they will never turn into laws. A scientific law explains a small "rule" like the law of original horizontality, or the law of superposition. Laws support theories.
500
Where does treated, cleaned wastewater go in Gilbert?
to water golf courses, or into recharge basins, where it is stored underground
500
How does the Pacific Plate's movement to the North West affect California?
Transform Boundary, Earthquakes
500
What caused Earth to become hot during its formation?
Why is it still so hot today?
The heat of formation made it hot initially--mostly friction from rocks smashing into each other
Radioactive Decay keeps the Earth warm today. Radioactive materials falling apart release heat.
500
How does magnetic striping reveal the creation of the seafloor?
Magnetic stripes match on either side of the mid-ocean ridge. They record the switching of Earth's Magnetic field as crust is created and pushed away from the ridge on both sides.
500
Describe the parts of an Earthquake wave. Which part of the wave will not travel through which layer of the earth? Why?
Primary, Secondary, then Surface Waves. Secondary waves do not travel through the liquid layers of the Earth (the outer core). The asthenosphere is therefore NOT liquid because s-waves travel through it.