Maps
What are the two types of lines used to locate a place on a map?
Latitude and Longitude
What is the outermost layer of the Earth?
Crust
What is a mineral?
A naturally occurring inorganic substance with a definite chemical composition
What are the three main types of rocks?
Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic
What is weathering?
The breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces
What is the purpose of a map key?
To explain the symbols and features on the map
What layer lies just below the lithosphere?
Asthenosphere
What property of a mineral is determined by its color?
Color
How are igneous rocks formed?
Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling and solidification of magma or lava
How does erosion differ from weathering?
Erosion involves the movement of sediment, while weathering is just the breakdown
What do we call the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian?
Longitude
Which layer of the Earth is made of solid rock?
Lithosphere
How can streak be used to identify a mineral?
Streak can help identify a mineral by showing the color of the powder it leaves when scratched on a surface
What type of rock is formed from the remains of plants and animals?
(Biochemical) Sedimentary rock
What is soil made of?
A mixture of minerals, organic matter, air, and water
What do we call the distance east or west of the Prime Meridian?
Latitude
What is the thickest layer of the Earth called?
Mantle
What is the hardest mineral on the Mohs scale?
Diamond
What process changes sediment into sedimentary rock?
Compaction and Cementation
What is the role of organisms in soil formation?
Organisms like earthworms and bacteria help decompose organic matter and aerate the soil
Name one type of map that shows physical features.
Physical map
Name the layer that is partially molten and allows tectonic plates to move.
Asthenosphere
Name a test that can help identify minerals based on their reaction to acid.
The acid test (reactivity with hydrochloric acid)
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Metamorphic rocks are formed by heat and pressure applied to existing rocks
Explain the process of soil formation in your own words.
Soil formation involves the weathering of rocks, the addition of organic matter, and the activity of organisms over time.