Earthquakes & Volcanoes
Earthquakes & Volcanoes 2
Rocks & Minerals
Rocks & Minerals 2
Fossils
100
Where do most earthquakes form?
Along faults in the earth's crust.
100
What causes earthquakes and volcanic eruptions?
Plate movements
100
Rocks change over time from one type to another. This is called _________________.
The rock cycle.
100
When wind or water breaks a rock into smaller pieces, the process is called _________________.
Weathering
100
Animal tracks, worm burrows, and droppings are examples of _______________ fossils.
Trace
200
The _______________ of an earthquake is the point underground where the movement of the earthquake first takes place.
Focus
200
Describe an epicenter.
The point on Earth's surface right above the spot where the first movement of an earthquake occurs. This is where the most damage occurs.
200
A rock forms in layers of small pieces. It is a _______________ rock.
Sedimentary
200
Melted rock cools and hardens to form ___________________.
Igneous rock
200
Why are index fossils unique?
They help scientists date rock layers because index fossils live over a short period of time and are found in many places around the world.
300
A volcano can fall in on itself, creating a large basin called _______________.
A crater.
300
How does Earth's core stay mostly solid?
Because of the great amount of pressure on it.
300
A rock that has been changed by pressure and heat is called a ___________________ rock.
Metamorphic rock.
300
_________________ carries away pieces of weathered rock to other places.
Erosion
300
Minerals that fill a mold and have the same shape as the original living thing.
Cast
400
Describe the difference between lava and magma. Which one cools and hardens to form igneous rocks?
Magma is in the mantle whereas lava is on the surface. Lava cools and hardens to form igneous rocks.
400
Name the layer of Earth where oceans can be found.
Crust
400
What type of rock are fossils most often found in?
Sedimentary rock.
400
You find a rock with pieces of seashells in it. Which kind of rock is it?
Sedimentary rock.
400
A tree buried in a hot spring would probably form a ________________ fossil.
Petrified
500
An underground holding pool for hot magma is called ___________________.
Magma chamber.
500
Name the 3 layers of the earth beginning with the innermost and ending the the outermost.
Core, mantle, crust.
500
How can a metamorphic rock be changed into an igneous rock?
Great heat and pressure
500
Name the 4 properties that scientists use to classify minerals.
Hardness, streak, luster, color.
500
Heat and pressure may destroy most of a plant/animal, leaving a thin covering. What type of fossil is this?
Carbon film.
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