Volcanic Ejecta
solid ejecta larger than 2mm but less than 64mm in diameter
lapilli
volcano that probably will not erupt again
extinct volcano
Most of the earth's surface is covered by deposits of sand and mineral fragments, usually laid down by water
sediments
the study of the earth
geology
the type of mountain that appears to have formed by the edges of two adjacent tectonic plates pushing together
folded
hardened lava that forms rough, jagged rocks with a crumbly texture
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DAILY DOUBLE
the general name for a mass of underground volcanic rock
igneous intrusion
large almond- or teardrop-shaped pieces of ejecta formed when lava solidifies after being thrown high into the air
volcanic bomb
the idea that rapid movement of tectonic plates during the Flood is responsible for most of Earth's features
catastrophic plate tectonics
the molten rock beneath the surface of the earth
magma
hardened lava with a surface that is either smooth or ropy
pahoehoe
volcano that is inactive but can erupt again
dormant volcano
major type of fault occurs when rocks on one side of the fault are shoved over the rocks on the other side
thrust fault
the most abundant element in the earth's crust
oxygen
smaller earthquakes that often follow a larger earthquake at frequent intervals
aftershocks
large, irregularly shaped lump made of lava that hardened before being thrown out of the volcano
volcanic block
formed partly by explosive eruptions of ash and rock fragments and partly by mild lava flows
composite volcano
type of fold occurs when rocks buckle up to form an arch-like structure
anticline
the underground channel that formed when surface lava hardened before the lava underneath it
lava tunnel
the fastest type of earthquake waves
P (or primary)
superheated cloud of gas and small particles that travels as an avalanche
pyroclastic flow
consists primarily of erupted volcanic ash and rock fragments held loosely together
cinder-cone volcano
the fracture zone between stationary and moving rocks
fault
the plastic rock on which the tectonic plates float
asthenosphere
a mass of underground volcanic rock that is similar to a laccolith but much larger
batholith