Earth’s Rotation & Day/Night
This is the imaginary line that Earth spins around, causing day and night.
The axis
Sedimentary rocks are formed from layers of this.
Sediments
Movement of wind, water, and ice change Earth’s surface through this process.
Erosion
This is the main source of energy for the water cycle.
The Sun
The daily conditions outside, like temperature and rain, are called this.
Weather
How long does it take for Earth to rotate once on its axis?
24 hours
Fossil fuels, like coal and oil, come from the remains of these.
Plants and animals
This landform is created when a river slows down and drops sediment at its mouth.
A delta
Water evaporates from the ocean and turns into this.
Water vapor
Scientists have observed that this region has had mild winters and hot summers for the past 50 years. Is this describing weather or climate?
Climate
If the Sun appears to be moving across the sky, what is actually happening?
The Earth rotating
What process presses layers of sediment together to form rocks?
Compaction
The Grand Canyon was carved by this agent of change.
Water from a river
When water vapor cools, it turns into liquid water. What is this process called?
Condensation
How is climate different from weather?
Weather changes daily, but climate is the long-term pattern of weather in an area
If Earth did not rotate, what would happen to day and night?
One side would always have daylight and the other would always be dark
Fossils are usually found in this type of rock.
Sedimentary rock
How do sand dunes form?
Wind carrying and depositing sand
What two things cause ocean water to evaporate faster?
Heat and wind
A hurricane is expected to hit the coast next week with strong winds and heavy rain. Is this weather or climate?
Weather
Why do shadows change size and direction throughout the day?
Because Earth's rotation causes the Sun’s position in the sky to change
Some of Earth’s processes are listed below.
1. Deposition of sediments
2. Pressing down from layers above
3. Cooling of lava
4. Burial of organic matter
5. Compaction
6. Forming layers
Which of the processes are NOT needed for either the formation of coal or sedimentary rock?
Process 3
Ice can cause cracks in rocks to widen over time. What is this process called?
Frost Wedging
Why do coastal areas receive more precipitation than inland areas?
Because the ocean provides more moisture for clouds to form, leading to increased rainfall
The average rainfall in this rainforest has been over 100 inches per year for the past century. Is this weather or climate?
Climate