Orbits & Motion
What path does the Earth follow around the Sun?
Orbit (or revolution)
Phase when the Moon is fully lit as seen from Earth.
Full Moon
The attractive force between two masses.
Gravity
Angle feature of Earth that causes seasons (one word).
Tilt (or axial tilt)
The star at the center of our solar system.
Sun
The regular rise and fall of sea level is called what?
Tides
The Moon completes one orbit around Earth in about how many days?
~27.3 days (acceptable: 27–29 days or ~28 days)
200 — Name for when Earth's shadow falls on the Moon.
Lunar eclipse
200 — What happens to gravitational force when distance between objects increases? (increase or decrease)
.
Decrease
200 — The hemisphere tilted toward the Sun experiences what season?
Summer
200 — Small bodies that orbit planets are called _____.
Moons (or natural satellites)
200 — Which two bodies mainly cause tides on Earth? (two words)
Moon and Sun (or "Moon and Sun; primarily Moon")
300 — Term for Earth's motion spinning on its axis once.
Rotation
300 — Phase halfway between new and full Moon (half-moon).
First quarter (or third quarter acceptable if intended the other half)
300 Isaac who described universal gravitation (last name).
Newton
300 — The date around June 21 is known as the ____ solstice.
Summer (June solstice = summer solstice in Northern Hemisphere)
300 — Our solar system is part of which galaxy? (candy bar)
Milky Way
300 — Name for especially high and low tides that occur when Sun, Moon, and Earth are aligned.
Spring tides
400 — The shape of planetary orbits (circle or ellipse)?
Ellipse
400 — Type of eclipse when the Moon blocks the Sun for part of Earth.
Solar eclipse
400 — If mass of one object doubles, gravitational force between two objects — what happens? (increase, decrease, or same)
Increase
400 — Why do seasons occur? (short phrase)
Earth's axial tilt changes the angle and intensity of sunlight over the year
400 — Term for objects held in orbit .
Satellite
400 — What phase of the Moon is associated with neap tides? (one or two words)
First quarter or third quarter (neap tides occur at quarter phases)
500 — Force that keeps planets in orbit around the Sun.
Gravity
500 — Cause of the sequence of lunar phases (one short phrase).
Changing relative positions of the Sun, Earth, and Moon
500 — Two factors that determine gravitational force between objects (two short words).
Mass and distance
500 — During equinoxes, day and night lengths are approximately how many hours? (number)
12 hours
500 — Order from Sun outward: Mercury, Venus, Earth, ____ (name the next planet).
Mars
500 — Short phrase: why do coastal areas experience two high tides each day? (one short phrase)
Earth's rotation causes coastal areas to pass through tidal bulges (or "Earth's rotation and two tidal bulges")