EARTH'S MATERIALS
The Rock Cycle
ALL Vocabulary Blitz
Geoscience Processes
Earth's Layers
100
Name 6 things the Geosphere contains?
What is the Geosphere contains rocks, soil, landforms, continents, fossils and tectonic plates?
100
What is the Rock Cycle?
What is a continuous process by which rocks are created, changed from one form to another, destroyed, and then formed again.
100
What is the difference between a rock and a mineral?
What is...
A rock is a solid made up of one or more minerals.
A mineral a naturally occurring solid substance that does NOT come from animals or plants. It has a definite chemical composition and usually crystal structure.
100
What are geoscience processes, and how do they differ in scale?
They are natural events that can occur both on a large and small scale.
They can be as small as erosion of a bank on the side of a road to a volcano erupting.
100
What are the 4 basic layers of the Earth?
What is the CRUST, MANTLE, OUTER CORE, and INNER CORE?
200
Explain what Earth System Science is.
What is Earth System Science
is the study of the interconnected components of our environment—the biosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and geosphere - and how they interact to produce an integrated whole.
200
Name the 3 basic types of rocks in the rock cycle.
What are Igneous, Metamorphic, and Sedimentary?
200
TRUE or FALSE:
Erosion is the breaking down of rocks into smaller fragments.
What is FALSE?
Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, erosion is the movement of rocks.
200
What is the force that causes erosion & compaction of sedimentary rocks?
What is GRAVITY?
200
Name that layer...
The _______________is the outermost layer of the planet. It contains mountain tops on continents, all the way down to the ocean floor. It is mostly made of granite and basalt.
What is the crust?
300
What are the five main components involved in the cycling of materials on Earth (hint: the spheres)?
What are: The Geosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere, Hydrosphere, and Cryosphere.
300
TRUE or FALSE:
The Rock Cycle is an ongoing geological process. It could start with a phenomenon like a volcanic eruption, a landslide or a waterfall. In all these scenarios rocks are changing.
What is TRUE?
300
FLASHBACK: Give a scientific definition for the word MODEL. Explain WHY they are important for scientists.
DAILY DOUBLE: You just won 800 points
What is a MODEL a representation of an idea that is used to explain phenomena that cannot be experienced directly.
Models are important to scientists to be able to think and test out their theories on a smaller scale.
300
Which of the following provides evidence that the Grand Canyon is an example of the process of erosion.
a. It was created by tectonic plates.
b. It was formed quickly by volcanic eruptions.
c. It was carved by the Colorado River over millions of years.
What is c. It was carved by the Colorado River over millions of years.
Erosion is caused by the water from the river.
300
Describe the MANTLE and tell us what important part it plays in changing our Earth.
DAILY DOUBLE: You just won 600 points
What is...The MANTLE is a hot and dense layer of rock that causes the plates of Earth to move?
400
How do rocks from the Geosphere directly contribute to life in the Biosphere?
a. They form rivers and lakes.
b. They trap heat in the atmosphere.
c. They are broken down into soil that supports plant life.
What is -
c. They are broken down into soil that supports plant life.
400
Name the 3 basic types of rocks and state how they are formed.
What is:
Igneous Rocks are formed by cooling of magma.
Sedimentary Rocks are formed by compaction of sediment.
Metamorphic Rocks are formed by heat and pressure.
400
Explain the difference between Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition.
What is Weathering is the breaking down of rocks into smaller fragments, Erosion is the movement of those rocks, and Deposition is when rocks are dropped from one location to another?
400
Give 3 examples (or direct causes) of weathering.
What is wind blowing, water flowing, freeze/thaw cycles.
400
__________from the___________ causes CONVECTION CURRENTS to slowly move Earth's crust.
What is HEAT from the CORE causes CONVECTION CURRENTS to slowly move Earth's crust?
500
A student makes a claim that a volcanic eruption can impact ALL 5 spheres of Earth.
Explain what evidence and reasoning they may use to support their claim. Include the terms: Geosphere, Biosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Cryosphere in your answer. You may consult your notes. You MUST state evidence from EACH sphere.
Daily Double - you just earned 1,000 points.
Answers vary - Here is an acceptable answer:
A volcanic eruption can impact all 5 spheres of Earth. This is evident when ash from an eruption enters the atmosphere. This ash can be carried by weather and then deposited or dumped in another location on Earth's surface (geosphere) and also on river beds or oceans, which impacts the hydrosphere. This ash pollutes the drinking water for animals and people which impacts the biosphere. Lastly, if the initial ash blast gets blown over snow capped mountains (cryosphere), they could cause massive melting of snow and ice, and cause flooding (hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere).
500
What are the 3 Factors that drive the Rock Cycle?
What is the Sun's energy, the Earth's gravity and Earth's internal heat?
500
Choose a word from your vocabulary list that demonstrates that the Earth is continually changing.
Explain how the Earth is changed.
Answers vary:
The Rock Cycle, weathering, erosion, deposition, magma, etc..
Example: Weathering - when rocks are weathered they can be broken down into tiny pieces of sediment. The rock the sediment came from changes and the sediment gets moved somewhere else to become part of another landform.
500
Geoscience processes can include (CHOOSE the BEST ANSWER):
a. Volcanoes
b. Tectonic Plate movement
c. Erosion
d. All of the above
What is d. All of the above
500
What is it that Scientists infer about what causes the Earth's magnetic field?
DAILY DOUBLE: You've just earned 1,000 points!
What is - Scientists infer that the IRON in the Outer Core is what causes Earth's magnetic field.