Laws and Theories
The name of the Western science theory that describes how the universe began and how it has changed since then
The Big Bang Theory
The term that describes the entire range of light that exists
The process that occurs in the core of stars in order to produce all the elements found in the universe.
Nuclear fusion
Some __________ stars end their life cycle in a black hole, while others become a neutron star
High mass/massive
The universe and stars are composed of about ____% hydrogen and ____% helium
1: 75%
2: 25%
The three characteristics that describe the state fo the early universe according to the big bang Theory
small point/dot, hot, dense
How the EM spectrum is arranged
Based on increasing/decreasing energy, frequency, and/or wavelength
In the process of nuclear fusion _____ atoms are fused into _____ atoms
1: Hydrogen
2:Helium
__________ stars cannot produce elements heavier than hydrogen and heluim.
Low/medium mass stars
Cosmic microwave background radiation has decayed from higher energy light into this type of EM radiation
Microwave radiation
The 3 ways that the universe has changed since the Big Bang.
Expanded, cooled, and less dense
The type of EM radiation that contains all of the light that we can see
Visible light
_________ stars mainly produce hydrogen and helium, while _________ stars can produce heavier elements.
2: High mass stars
The sun is a ______ star in the ___________ stage of its life cycle
1: Medium mass (low is ok)
2: Main sequence
The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation of the universe can be detected in ________ direction, supporting the theory that the universe is _________
1: every
2: expanding
Three theories that support the Big Bang Theory
Hubble's Law, Redshift Theory, Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation Theory (CMBR Theory), the composition of the universe (Big Bang nucleosynthesis)
______ light has the shortest wavelength while ______ light has the longest wavelength on the visible light spectrum.
purple/violet, red (in that order)
This occurs when too much iron builds up in a star and is responsible for forging most of the heavy elements found in the universe
Supernova
Stars spend 90% of their life in this stage of their life cycle, where they fuse _______ atoms into _______ atoms.
1: Main sequence
2: Hydrogen
3: Helium
According to Hubble's Law, galaxies that are farther from us move away from us _______ than nearby galaxies, supporting the theory that the universe is _________
1: faster
2: expanding
Shortly after the Big Bang, these elements were formed
Hydrogen and helium
Longer wavelengths are associated with the color _______ and objects that are moving ______ the Earth. Shorter wavelengths are associated with the color _______ and objects that are moving _______ the Earth.
1:red
2:away
3:blue
4:towards
High ________ and _______ within Red Supergiant stars allows nuclear fusion to occur in their core.
1: Temperature
2: Pressure
This single characteristic determines whether a star will end its life as a white dwarf, neutron star, or Black hole
Mass
Young stars are mostly composed of this element, which they use as fuel in nuclear fusion reactions
Hydrogen