The rate of change of the ground movement during an earthquake
What is acceleration?
100
When the Earth's crust is pushed together, what type of stress is formed?
Compression stress is caused by the Earth's crust being pushed together.
100
What is the most commonly used earthquake scale?
The Richter Scale is the most commonly used earthquake scale.
100
When an earthquak occurs, this happens to the crust.
Sudden, strong shaking occurs during an earthquake.
100
Where is the focus, compared to the epicenter?
The focus is located directly below the epicenter.
200
What is the second wave to arrive at a seismograph station, and moves side to side like a snake?
The S wave or secondary wave is the second wave to reach the seismograph station.
200
When the Earth's crust is pulled in opposite directions, the stress is called?
Tension stress is caused by the Earth's crust being pulled in opposite directions.
200
What is the scale based on damage caused during an earthquake called?
The scale based on damage during an earthquake is called the Mercalli Scale.
200
When the Earth's crust forms a crack during an earthquak, what is formed?
The crack formed during an earthquake is called a fault.
200
Why do seismic waves reach the epicenter quickly?
Seismic waves reach the epicenter quickly because it is the closest to the focus.
300
What seismic wave has a push-pull motion?
Primary or P waves have a push-pull motion.
300
Much like a transform fault boundary, this stress causes the crust to slide past eachother.
The stress that acts like a transform fault boundary is shearing.
300
Which scale calculates the intensity of an earthquake at the moment the focus slips?
The Moment Magnitude Scale is used to define the earthquakes power when the focus slips.
300
When the rock layers get compressed they are said to have ____________.
Rock layers that get compressed are said to have folding.
300
What is one way a builder can construct an "earthquake proof" building?
Builders can use base isolation, crossbeams or columns and ball bearings to create safe buildings.
400
Which seismic wave can travel through solids and liquids?
The Primary wave can travel through both solids and liquids.
400
What causes the stress in an earthquake?
The build up of pressure in the Earth's crust causes the stress in an earthquake.
400
Which scale is based on the P, S, and L waves recorded on a seismogram?
The Richter Scale is based on the knowledge gained from looking at a seismogram reading.
400
When the hanging wall slides down the footwall, this type of fault is said to have formed...
A normal fault forms when the hanging wall slides down the footwall.
400
Why is it necessary to have three seismograph stations to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
It is necessary to have three seismograph stations to locate the epicenter of an earthquake because it helps pin-point the direct start of the quake.
500
Explain how one would find the S-P interval?
First, you would have to look at the chart and locate the time the P and S waves hit the seismograph station at a specific location. Then, you would read the time difference between the two waves.
500
What might happen as a result of stresses?
Folding and faulting of rock layers may occur as a result of stress in the crust.
500
What number does the Mercalli Scale go up to?
The Mercalli Scale ranges from 1 - 12.
500
When the hanging wall slides up the footwall, this type of fault is said to have occured...
A reverse fault is formed when the hanging wall slides up the footwall.
500
Why do the S and P waves get farther apart as they expand from the focus?
The S and P waves get farther apart because the S waves travel much slower than the P waves.